Language:
English
Year of publication:
2009
Titel der Quelle:
Studia Hebraica
Angaben zur Quelle:
9-10 (2009-2010) 241-266
Keywords:
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Romania Emigration and immigration
Abstract:
Both Nazi Germany and Romania of the late 1930s regarded the emigration of Jews, voluntary or forced, as the way to solve the "Jewish question". In spring 1941, just as the Nazis did, the Romanian government rejected emigration in search of another, more radical solution, but returned to the policies of emigration in fall 1942. Argues that the reasons and motivations behind these changes in decisions by the Romanians were purely pragmatic; in particular, the revocation of the plans to deport Romanian Jews either to Transnistria or to Poland in October 1942 had nothing in common with humanitarian considerations. Among the factors that affected the decision-making process of the Romanian government, beside the wish to "cleanse" the country ethnically, were pressure on the part of Germany, which wanted Romania to stay in line with her policy of the Final Solution; military considerations; the wish to make the Romanian solution maximally profitable, in particular to squeeze money from both the emigrants and the Jews worldwide; and pressure on the part of the Allies. Last but not least, Romania, as a non-fascist, albeit authoritarian state, did not pursue the policy of ethnic cleansing by all means and all costs.
Note:
An abridged Hungarian version appeared as "Megtisztítás és elpusztítás: a román nemzetállam tisztogatásainak tekervényes útján (1941-1944)" in "Jogfosztás - 90 éve" (2011) 345-358.
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