Sprache:
Französisch
Erscheinungsjahr:
2008
Titel der Quelle:
Revue d'Histoire de la Shoah
Angaben zur Quelle:
189 (2008) 497-510
Schlagwort(e):
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Historiography
Kurzfassung:
Discusses current historiographic research on the nature of Mussolini's antisemitism and the main factors behind the eruption of Italian state antisemitism. Historians agree that the racial laws of 1938 drew their inspiration from Italian racist theories, which, in contrast to German antisemitism, were devoid of millenarian and redemptive goals. The segregation practiced in Italian-occupied Ethiopia differed from Italian politics with regard to the "Jewish question", but the increasingly racist official discourse after the victory in Ethiopia created a new atmosphere, which boosted the concept of the "Italian Aryan". Presents various views, especially those of Marie-Anne Matard-Bonucci, on Mussolini's motives behind his campaign against the Jews in 1938. Newer research questions the older view that public support for the regime peaked during the victory in Ethiopia and declined after 1938. It also raises the question of whether those Jews who adhered visibly to their own culture and supported Zionism were in fact accepted in pre-fascist Italy. Studies of government reports show that the racial laws enjoyed more popular support than previously believed. Ruth Ben Ghiat argues that antisemitism became an everyday component in fascist modernity after 1938 largely due to the accommodating attitude of the intellectuals, and Klaus Voigt shows that the treatment of Jewish refugees in Italy has been embellished.
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