Language:
French
Year of publication:
2000
Titel der Quelle:
Holocaust and Genocide Studies
Angaben zur Quelle:
14,3 (2000) 390-414
Keywords:
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Economic aspects
Abstract:
Revises the widespread viewpoint that post-Anschluss Austria was a proving ground for the more extreme Nazi anti-Jewish policies. The rapid exclusion of the Jews from the Austrian economy and their subsequent expulsion from the country resulted from neither premeditated planning nor German laws. Rather, they grew out of a progression of unofficial lootings and official confiscations, which were only retroactively legalized. More than 20,000 "wild" (i.e. self-appointed) commissars, together with "Ostmark" authorities, managed to seize ca. 7,000 Jewish businesses in Austria and lots of goods. The second wave of spontaneous Aryanization came with the "Kristallnacht". It was in the course of these wild seizures that the "Ostmark" authorities elaborated the procedures of compulsory Aryanization and expulsions, in which the victims left behind all their property and almost all their foreign currency. The "Vienna model" was later applied throughout the Nazi Reich. It was not a policy initiated by technocrats but was an outcome of massive spoliation on the part of Austrian Nazis and ordinary civilians.
Note:
Appeared also in "Holocaust; Critical Concepts in Historical Studies" II (2004).
,
A French version appeared as "L'accélération de la spoliation et de l'émigration forcée; le 'modèle viennois' et son influence sur la politique antijuive du Troisième Reich en 1938" in "Revue d'Histoire de la Shoah" 186 (2007) 131-163.
DOI:
10.1093/hgs/14.3.390
URL:
Locate this publication in Israeli libraries
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