Language:
German
Year of publication:
1992
Titel der Quelle:
Aschkenas; Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur der Juden
Angaben zur Quelle:
2 (1992) 219-226
Keywords:
Jews History Middle Ages, 500-1500
Abstract:
Based on a paper delivered at the 37th Deutscher Historikertag in Bamberg, October 1988. States that soon after English economic prosperity had brought Jewish immigrants to England (1180-1220), English tradesmen, fearing competition, established guilds which excluded them. Jews were thus barred from all occupations except moneylending. The kings, until about 1230, protected them. But after 1230 Henry III adopted the anti-Jewish restrictions promulgated by the Lateran Council. He bought up Jewish credit notes, thus increasing the animosity of the debtors - most of them from the lower aristocracy - to the Jews as well as to himself. He limited their residence to a few towns, burdened them with taxes, and restricted their contact with Christians. These measures, and a wave of pogroms after a blood libel in 1255, put Jews under pressure to emigrate, but the king prohibited this. During the barons' uprising of 1258-63, Jews were massacred. Edward I deprived the Jews of their moneylending activities, executed many Jews for coin clipping, and in 1290 expelled them from England.
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