Language:
Italian
Year of publication:
2008
Titel der Quelle:
Civiltà Cattolica
Angaben zur Quelle:
3798 (2008) 461-474
Keywords:
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Jews Legal status, laws, etc.
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Catholic Church
Abstract:
Already in September 1938, two decrees were issued by the fascist authorities in Italy: the expulsion of foreign Jews and the prohibition for Jewish children to attend public schools. But the pillar of subsequent racial legislation was the declaration of the Gran Consiglio del Fascismo in October 1938. It endorsed the prohibition of mixed marriage from a racial point of view (Jews who converted to Christianity should not marry Aryan Christians), expulsion of the Jews from the Fascist Party, restrictions on property and businesses, expulsion of the Jews from the military, and special regulations for Jews to practice in various professions. Pope Pius XI strongly opposed and publicly criticized this legislation, based on ethical, anti-racist principles. However, the Vatican focused its criticism and actions on those aspects of the racist legislation which would affect the rights of Christians and of the Church, in accordance with its agreement with the fascist state in the Concordat of 1922. In regard to mixed marriages and the right of converted children to attend public schools, the Church viewed the persons involved as Christians whereas the state treated them as Jews. The action of the Vatican was of no great help for the Jewish victims of that legislation.
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