Language:
German
Year of publication:
1994
Titel der Quelle:
Südosteuropa Mitteilungen
Angaben zur Quelle:
34,3 (1994) 187-201
Keywords:
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
;
Antisemitism History 1945-
;
Jews History 1800-2000
;
Jews History 1945-
Abstract:
A lecture delivered at the Osteuropa-Institut, Freie Universität Berlin, January 1994. Traces the history of antisemitism in Bulgaria from the establishment of the state in 1878 to the present. After Bulgaria's liberation from Turkey, the Jews were identified with the hated Turks and, except for economic contacts, lived in segregation from the Bulgarian population. Between 1884-1904 there were numerous ritual murder accusations and pogroms. After the First World War, Jews were blamed for Bulgaria's failure to regain Macedonia and Thrace. Macedonian soldiers and militia men were guilty of repeated acts of violence against Jews. In the 1930s, Bulgaria became an ally of Nazi Germany. Petar Gabrovski, the Interior Minister, and Aleksandar Belev, head of the Commissariat for Jewish Questions, enacted anti-Jewish legislation and made plans to deport all of Bulgaria's Jews. However, only the Jews of Macedonia and Thrace were actually deported. After the war, 90% of the Jews emigrated to Israel; those remaining were identified with the communists. With the fall of the communist regime and the rise of Bulgarian nationalism, antisemitism revived, culminating in a fire in a Sofia synagogue in March 1990.
Note:
Appeared also in "Juden und Antisemitismus im östlichen Europa", 1995.
URL:
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