Sprache:
Deutsch
Erscheinungsjahr:
1993
Titel der Quelle:
Aschkenas; Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur der Juden
Angaben zur Quelle:
3 (1993) 15-47
Schlagwort(e):
Jews
;
Jews History Middle Ages, 500-1500
;
Antisemitism History Middle Ages, 500-1500
Kurzfassung:
Surveys distinguishing marks designed to separate the Jewish from the Christian population, from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. Distinctive Jewish costume and headdress were apparently traditional, but were made compulsory by the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 as well as by a synod of Rhineland rabbis in 1223; both Christian and Jewish authorities were worried about interrelations which had led to conversions. The yellow badge was introduced in Germany in the 1430s, and its enforcement was propagated in 1451-52 by Cardinal Nicolaus of Cues and in 1530 by a decree of the Reichstag (partially repealed by Emperor Karl V eleven years later). Its use may be related to the disappearance of the "Jewish hat" as well as the expulsion of Jews from the cities and their increasing discrimination and oppression. In Westphalia the wearing of the badge was only sporadically enforced. Later documents contain complaints about the difficulty of identifying Jews who no longer wore distinctive clothing.
Anmerkung:
Mainly on the medieval period.
URL:
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