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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    The Mediterranean Jewish Diaspora of late Antiquity. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 279-307
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 279-307
    Keywords: Jews History
    Abstract: No known literary sources survive from Jews living in the Mediterranean diaspora from the early fourth to the end of the sixth century. Mining the writings of non-Jews (primarily Christians), late Roman laws, the physical remains of a few synagogues, donor inscriptions, and numerous epitaphs, this chapter sketches aspects of their lives, including geographic distribution, economics, participation in ancient civic life, communal organizations, communication between Jewish populations, and their possible homogeneity or diversity. It also examines the pressures exerted on Jews to convert to Christianity, including the destruction of synagogues and exclusions from public offices and elite professions, and considers both the efficacy of such pressures and possible Jewish responses.
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Jewish languages. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 643-662
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 643-662
    Keywords: Jews Languages ; History ; Language and languages Religious aspects ; Judaism ; Jews History ; Jewish diaspora History ; Sociolinguistics
    Abstract: This chapter discusses the use of language varieties in the Jewish diaspora experience in the framework of sociolinguistic studies. Wherever Jews have lived and either wished to distinguish themselves from their neighbors or were encouraged or forced to distinguish themselves, they did so through clothing, food, ritual, and also through language: they have spoken and written somewhat differently from their neighbors around them. Examining the Jewish linguistic spectrum through theories of language continuum, distinctiveness, and repertoire allows us to recognize patterns and commonalities across time and a space. Sociocultural and sociolinguistic analysis of Jewish religiolects demonstrates a tight connection between language and religion, while also helping elucidate the ways in which Jews—as well as non-Jews—have crossed religious boundaries.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth : an embedded diaspora. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 231-252
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 231-252
    Keywords: Jews History ; Jews History ; Poland
    Abstract: One of the hallmarks of modern diaspora studies is the dichotomy of a “homeland” and “hostland” in relation to a diasporic group. The history of Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth complicates these contemporary categories. The multi-ethnic and multi-cultural Commonwealth was a homeland for Polish Jews. They formed an integral part of its social, cultural, and economic fabric, even as they identified and were identified as Jews. In a pre-modern world, with legal structures grounded in distinct estates, identities were also inscribed in law. Jewish judicial and communal autonomy was a product of the Jews’ legal status. In Poland-Lithuania, Jewish autonomy developed mimicking the governing structures of the Commonwealth itself. Polish Jews were, thus, a part of a larger real and imagined Jewish community whose homeland was Poland.
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    The modern diaspora of Jews from the Arab Middle East and North Africa. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 487-506
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 487-506
    Keywords: Jews Migrations ; Jews Migrations ; Jews History ; Jews History ; Jewish diaspora
    Abstract: The Jews of the Muslim Middle East and North Africa (MENA) were shaped by the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century and the influx of Sephardim. Jews were a part of the multicultural landscape, speaking mainly Judeo-Arabic and Judeo-Spanish. New diaspora communities were formed of Jews based on their places of origin: Livorno, Baghdad, Aleppo, or from the Maghrib—Ma’aravim—who migrated to different parts of MENA and other parts of the world. New identities and Jewish diasporas were created as MENA was divided between the British and French and as independent Arab states emerged. With decolonization after World War II and the establishment Israel, the nearly one million MENA Jews left their countries of origins for Israel, Europe, and the Americas. In Israel they became known collectively as “Mizrahim” and were identified by their countries of origin as Moroccan, Tunisian, Egyptian, Yemeni, Syrian, or Iraqi.
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Babylonia : a diaspora center. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 203-216
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 203-216
    Keywords: Jews History ; Jewish diaspora
    Abstract: This chapter plots out the emergence of a diaspora center in Babylonia, beginning in the late Biblical era and continuing through late antiquity, as it grew into probably the foremost community in the Jewish world by the early Middle Ages. It outlines the geographical settlement of the region and the development of a Babylonian Jewish self-consciousness and self-confidence. Among the key factors in this achievement was the constant and close economic and intellectual contact between Babylonia and Palestine. Although Babylonia and Palestine were, for the most part, ruled by separate empires, often in conflict with one another, the Jews, and significantly the rabbis in both places, maintained close contact. The importance of Babylonia within the Sasanian Empire, and subsequently within the Abbasid caliphate, both economically and militarily, also contributed to the development and preeminence of the region in global terms.
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Not quite exile, not quite home : Spain as a diaspora center. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 217-229
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 217-229
    Keywords: Jews History ; Jews History ; Jewish diaspora
    Abstract: “Sepharad” was more than simply the Hebrew name for Iberia. Through much of Jewish history it denoted a set of Jewish cultural traits that included a high level of cultural and social integration, a sense of Jewish aristocracy and noble lineage, and unmatched creativity in Hebrew poetry, philosophy, science, mystical thought, rabbinic codification, and biblical exegesis. Spanish Jews lived under both Muslim and Christian rule, sometimes in harmony and mutual enrichment, but often under oppressive conditions of discrimination, forced conversion, and Inquisition. Their history of co-existence (convivencia) included uprootings as well as cultural flowering. The expulsion of 1492 did not spell the end of their deep bonds with Spain. Instead, Sephardim remained one of the main branches of the Jewish people.
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    A new world Babylonia : the United States of America. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 253-275
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 253-275
    Keywords: Jews History ; Jewish diaspora
    Abstract: This chapter discusses the distinctive rise of American Jews as a new center of Jewish culture. It focuses on the conditions in the United States, especially separation of church and state, which encouraged religious creativity, and the genocide of the Holocaust that spurred the transfer of aspects of European religious and intellectual Jewish life. It argues that feminism encouraged women to contribute in vital ways to the creation of Jewish culture that had a profound impact throughout the Jewish world. America has exemplified a new Babylonia, one that would produce influential forms of Judaism shaped by women as well as men.
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  • 8
    Article
    Article
    The Ashkenazic diaspora of early modern Central Europe. (2021)
    In:  The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora (2021) 345-369
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: The Oxford Handbook of the Jewish Diaspora
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 345-369
    Keywords: Jews History ; Jewish diaspora
    Abstract: This chapter uses theories of diaspora—which transcend narrative of origins/dispersal and explore instead synchronic ties between multiple centers—to examine phenomena of Jewish cultural and social life in Central Europe during the early modern period (ca. 1500–1800), an geo-cultural association that was captured by the term “Ashkenaz.” Using examples from print culture, social history, and epistolary exchanges, it argues that Jews occupied a position of “variant-participants”—at once participating in wider social, intellectual, and cultural trends and translating those trends into a particular idiom with a distinctly Jewish inflection, shaped both by relationship to past texts and traditions and to other Jewish communities both within and outside of Central Europe. Considering the accommodations of diaspora existence, which creates a “home away from home,” provides a useful lens for conceptualizing the dimensions of Jewish distinctiveness, even while recognizing their local indigeneity, and allows for a consideration of the creation of local practices as well as extra-territorial forms of identification.
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    〈〈The〉〉 Oxford handbook of the Jewish diaspora (2021)
    New York, NY : Oxford University Press
    Details
    ISBN: 9780190240943
    Language: English
    Pages: xiv, 706 Seiten
    Year of publication: 2021
    Series Statement: Oxford handbooks
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 909/.04924
    RVK:
    BD 1220
    Keywords: Jewish diaspora ; Jews History ; Judaism History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Judentum ; Diaspora
    Abstract: Introduction / Hasia R. Diner -- 1. Exile and Diaspora in the Bible / Adele Berlin -- 2. Diaspora in Rabbinic Sources / Charlotte Elisheva Fonrobert -- 3. Diaspora in Jewish Liturgy / Ruth Langer -- 4. The Doctrine of Exile in Kabbalah / Sharon Flatto -- 5. The Jewish Diaspora in Christian Thinking / Joshua Garroway -- 6. Distinctiveness and Diaspora in Medieval and Early Modern Jewish Thought / Michah Gottlieb -- 7. Diaspora in Modern Jewish Thought / Noam Pianko -- 8. Zionism and the Negation of the Diaspora / David Engel -- 9. The Intellectual Defense of the Diaspora / David Weinberg -- 10. The Territorial Ideology of the Diaspora / 1903-1957 / Gur Alroey -- 11. Babylonia: A Diaspora Center / Geoffrey Herman -- 12. Spain: A Diaspora Center / Jane Gerber -- 13. Jews in The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: An Embedded Diaspora / Magda Teter -- 14. A New World Babylonia: The United States of America / Deborah Dash Moore--
    Abstract: 15. The Mediterranean Jewish Diaspora of Late Antiquity / Ross S. Kraemer -- 16. Emergence of the Medieval Northern European Diaspora / Robert Chazan -- 17. Jews and Diaspora in the Medieval Islamic Middle East / Eve Krakowski -- 18. The Ashkenazic Diaspora of Early Modern Central Europe / Joshua Teplitsky -- 19. The Western Sephardic Diaspora / Miriam Bodian -- 20. The Mediterranean Sephardim between the 15th and 20th Centuries / Jonathan Ray -- 21. The Eastern European Jewish Diaspora / Tobias Brinkmann -- 22. German Jews Beyond Germany / Marion Kaplan -- 23. Holocaust Survivor Diasporas / Laura Jockusch and Avinoam J. Patt -- 24. The Modern Diasporas of the Jews from the Arab Middle East and North Africa / Daniel Schroeter -- 25. Israel and the Diaspora to 1967 / Ronald Zweig -- 26. The Jewish Israeli Diaspora / Steven J. Gold -- 27. Soviet Jews and the Future of the Global Jewish Diaspora / David Shneer -- 28. International Jewish Aid / Lisa Moses Leff--
    Abstract: 29. Global Jewish Organizations / David Slucki -- 30. Philanthropy and the Jewish Diaspora in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries / Zohar Segev -- 31. Reporting the Diaspora: The Global Jewish Press / Yaron Tsur -- 32. Speaking Across the Diaspora: Jewish Languages Beyond Borders / Benjamin Hary -- 33. Liturgical Music in the Jewish Diaspora / Mark Kligman -- 34. Jewish Food in the Diaspora / Ari Ariel.
    Abstract: "The reality of diaspora has shaped Jewish history, its demography, its economic relationships, and the politics which that impacted the lives of Jews with each other and with the non-Jews among whom they lived. Jews have moved around the globe since the beginning of their history, maintaining relationships with their former Jewish neighbors, who had chosen other destinations and at the same time forging relationships in their new homes with Jews from widely different places of origin"--
    Note: Enthält Literaturangaben
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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