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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Karl Mannheim’s Jewish question. (2012)
    In:  Religions 3,2 (2012) 228-250
    Details
    ISSN: 2077-1444
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2012
    Titel der Quelle: Religions
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3,2 (2012) 228-250
    Keywords: Mannheim, Karl, ; Jews Identity 20th century ; History ; Jews Cultural assimilation 20th century ; History ; Antisemitism History 20th century
    Abstract: In this paper, we explore Karl Mannheim’s puzzling failure (or refusal) to address himself in any way to questions arising out of the position of Jews in Germany, either before or after the advent of Nazi rule—and this, notwithstanding the fact, first, that his own ethnic identification as a Jew was never in question and that he shared vivid experiences of anti-Semitism, and consequent exile from both Hungary and Germany, and, second, that his entire sociological method rested upon using one’s own most problematic social location—as woman, say, or youth, or intellectual—as the starting point for a reflexive investigation. It was precisely Mannheim’s convictions about the integral bond between thought grounded in reflexivity and a mission to engage in a transformative work of Bildung that made it effectively impossible for him to formulate his inquiries in terms of his way of being Jewish. It is through his explorations of the rise and fall of the intellectual as socio-cultural formation that Mannheim investigates his relations to his Jewish origins and confronts the disaster of 1933. The key to our puzzle is to be found in the theory of assimilation put forward in the dissertation of his student, Jacob Katz.
    DOI: 10.3390/rel3020228
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  • 2
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    Article
    From antisemitism to philosemitism? : Trends in American attitudes toward Jews from 1964 to 2016. (2018)
    In:  Religions 9,4 (2018) pp 21
    Details
    ISSN: 2077-1444
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2018
    Titel der Quelle: Religions
    Angaben zur Quelle: 9,4 (2018) pp 21
    Keywords: Jews Public opinion ; Antisemitism History 20th century ; Antisemitism History 21st century ; Spaniards Attitudes ; Philosemitism History
    Abstract: This paper uses the feeling thermometer toward Jews on the American National Election (ANES) surveys from 1964 through 2016 to track trends in Americans’ attitudes toward Jews. The feeling thermometer is one of the longest continuous time series studies in which Americans are asked about their attitudes toward Jews, and there are items on the ANES surveys that can be used to partially correct for social desirability response effects. The analysis compares several demographic groups, an important focus of extant research. Findings indicate a modest warming trend for most groups, with older Americans and the least educated displaying the greatest warmth increases. In contrast, Catholics have become slightly cooler. Analysis suggests that the immigration of Catholics from Latin America, nations that lack the religious tolerance tradition, may account for this counter-trend. The conclusion offers suggestions for future research and discusses the implications of the rising proportion of Hispanic immigrants into the US for future levels of antisemitism in the US. View Full-Text
    DOI: 10.3390/rel9040107
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  • 3
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    Article
    The lost honor of Julius Deutsch : Jewish difference, “Socialist Betrayal”, and imperial loyalty in the 1923 Deutsch-Reinl trial. (2017)
    In:  Religions 8,1 (2017) pp 12
    Details
    ISSN: 2077-1444
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2017
    Titel der Quelle: Religions
    Angaben zur Quelle: 8,1 (2017) pp 12
    Keywords: Deutsch, Julius, ; Antisemitism History 20th century ; Jews Public opinion ; Jewish socialists Biography ; Jewish politicians
    Abstract: In 1922, Julius Deutsch, one of the leading Viennese Social Democrats, spent a weekend in the Strudengau in Upper Austria. In a local inn, he was insulted by a right-wing alpinist, who accused him of being a traitor to the Emperor. The man claimed that Deutsch, along with other “Jewish Revolutionaries”, played a part in overturning the old order and helping to “stab” the Empire’s army “in the back”. Deutsch brought his opponent to trial, in an attempt to present his actions both in the World War and as a State Secretary for Military Affairs in the new Austrian Republic in a better light. However, the provincial courts acquitted the defendant on appeal, following the anti-Semitic arguments of his defending lawyer. Like other trials in the interwar years, the lawsuit unfolded into a “court of injustice”, with contested concepts of “Jewish difference” being performed. In the courtroom, Deutsch, who left the Jewish religious community as a young man, was forced to engage with his Jewish family background. The article focuses on Deutsch’s retrospective narration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in his courtroom speech and the insights that can be gained about Jewish difference and the antagonistic political arena of the new nation-state of (Deutsch-)Österreich.
    DOI: 10.3390/rel8010013
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  • 4
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    Article
    "Rather more than one-third had no Jewish blood" : American progressivism and German-Jewish cosmopolitanism at the New School for Social Research, 1933-1939. (2012)
    In:  Religions 3,1 (2012) 99-129
    Details
    ISSN: 2077-1444
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2012
    Titel der Quelle: Religions
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3,1 (2012) 99-129
    Keywords: Johnson, Alvin ; University in Exile ; New School for Social Research (New York, N.Y.) ; Jewish scholars 20th century ; Exiled scholars ; Universities and colleges Professional staff ; Antisemitism History 20th century ; Jews History 20th century
    Abstract: The New School for Social Research’s University in Exile accepted more German and European exiled intellectuals than any other American institution of higher education. This paper argues that transnational, cosmopolitan ideological and interest-based affinities shared by left-leaning American progressives and German-Jewish intellectuals enabled the predominantly Jewish University in Exile to become a vibrant intellectual space accepted by the community of largely anti-Semitic American academics. These affinities also illuminate why, despite the fact that the émigrés’ exile was in large part the result of National Socialist hatred of Jews, Alvin Johnson (the founder of the University in Exile) and the faculty members that comprised it seldom discussed the University’s Jewish demographics. The Jewish faculty members ignored the relationship between their ethnicity and exile because to focus on it would have been to admit that the cosmopolitan project they had embraced in Central Europe had failed. Johnson ignored the faculty’s Jewish heritage for two reasons. First, he endorsed a cosmopolitan American nationalism. Second, he understood that the generally anti-Semitic community of American academics would have rejected the University in Exile if he stressed the faculty’s Jewishness. In ignoring the University in Exile’s Jewish demographics, Johnson and the University’s faculty successfully adhered to a strategy designed to foster the exiles’ entrance into the American intellectual community. Thus, while cosmopolitanism failed in Germany and Central Europe, the exiles’ later influence on the American academy indicates that it partially succeeded in the United States. View Full-Text
    DOI: 10.3390/rel3010099
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