Language:
German
Year of publication:
1995
Titel der Quelle:
Zeitgeschichte
Angaben zur Quelle:
22,3-4 (1995) 124-137
Keywords:
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Jews
;
Jews
Abstract:
After Szálasi came to power in Hungary in fall 1944, his Arrow Cross militia, with the encouragement of the Germans, terrorized, robbed, and murdered Jews both in the Budapest ghetto and in the military labor service units. In October 1944 the government came to an agreement with Eichmann to "lend" the Germans 50,000 able-bodied Jews, men and women, for work in arms factories and to build fortifications on the Austrian-Hungarian border. In fact, the Arrow Cross also rounded up children, the elderly, and the infirm. As no transportation was available, the prisoners were brought in death marches to the border at Hegyeshalom, where they were handed over to the Germans. Many died of hunger and exhaustion on the way, or were shot by their guards. Diplomats from neutral countries (Sweden, Switzerland, Portugal) as well as representatives of the Red Cross and the Vatican provided papers and protected houses to save as many Jews as they could. The deportations were finally stopped, both because of the protest of the neutral states and the Vatican and because the Jews were found to be unsuitable for the labor required of them.
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