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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Underestimating German antisemitism : the case of Carl Schmitt, the Frankfurt School, and Weimar Jewish elites. (2021)
    In:  Antisemitism on the Rise (2021) 23-45
    Details
    ISBN: 9781496226044
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: Antisemitism on the Rise
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2021) 23-45
    Keywords: Schmitt, Carl, Criticism and interpretation ; Institut für Sozialforschung (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) ; Jews Intellectual life 20th century ; Jews Public opinion ; Antisemitism History 20th century
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Racial sentinels : biological anti-Semitism in the U.S. Army Officer Corps, 1890-1950. (2003)
    In:  Militärgeschichtliche Zeitschrift 62,2 (2003) 331-353
    Details
    ISSN: 0026-3826
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2003
    Titel der Quelle: Militärgeschichtliche Zeitschrift
    Angaben zur Quelle: 62,2 (2003) 331-353
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 19th century ; Antisemitism History 20th century ; Racism History ; Jews History 19th century ; Jews History 20th century ; United States Armed Forces ; Attitudes
    Abstract: Biological antisemitism and social Darwinism were pervasive among U.S. army officers in the first half of the 20th century. Archival research shows that such ideas were promoted at the Army War College, which hosted prominent racial theorists and eugenicists in whose views Jews were inferior. Such ideas led officers, especially in U.S. intelligence roles, to become politically involved in the "Jewish question", which in turn led to surveillance of Jews at home and abroad. Officers considered it their duty to protect America from dangers supposedly raised by racially inferior and politically subversive (Bolshevik-sympathizing) Jews. The army actively guided U.S. immigration policy in the direction of keeping Jews out. This had a great impact on the fate of Jews during the Holocaust and afterwards. In addition to Jews being considered a racial threat, they were also seen as involved in a conspiracy to take over the world. Military intelligence provided every intelligence officer with a copy of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion".
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Dissension in the face of the Holocaust : the 1941 American debate over antisemitism. (2010)
    In:  Holocaust and Genocide Studies 24,1 (2010) 85-116
    Details
    ISSN: 8756-6583
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2010
    Titel der Quelle: Holocaust and Genocide Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 24,1 (2010) 85-116
    Keywords: Council for Democracy ; Antisemitism History 20th century ; Antisemitism History 1933-1945 ; Jews History 1939-1945 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Influence
    Abstract: In 1941 the Council for Democracy, and especially one of its leaders, political scientist Carl J. Friedrich, sponsored a debate on the causes and appropriate responses to antisemitism. A questionnaire was distributed among prominent American intellectuals and Jewish leaders. The answers revealed a certain naïveté concerning the origins, nature, and intensity of American antisemitism among the respondents and the Council members, as well as a measure of disagreement among them. Most of the participants in the debate depicted American antisemitism as foreign-imposed. Many of them regarded it as a product of reactionary attitudes and forces, while theoreticians of the Frankfurt School (Horkheimer, Neumann, etc.) interpreted it as part of recent social and political development in Germany and worldwide. The participants downplayed the role of antisemitism in Nazi ideology; some of them shared the racist and antisemitic views of their time, and explicitly or implicitly lay the responsibility for this phenomenon on the Jews themselves. Their resulting pamphlet, "Nazi Poison", as well as their other publications and broadcasts, characterized antisemitism as a foreign import and as part of Nazi Germany's broader threat to democracy, Christianity, and Western civilization.
    DOI: 10.1093/hgs/dcq004
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    The absent presence : enduring images of Jews in United States military history. (2001)
    In:  American Jewish History 89,4 (2001) 411-436
    Details
    ISSN: 0164-0178
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2001
    Titel der Quelle: American Jewish History
    Angaben zur Quelle: 89,4 (2001) 411-436
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 20th century ; Military intelligence History 20th century ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Influence ; United States Armed Forces ; Attitudes ; United States Emigration and immigration 20th century ; Government policy ; History
    Abstract: Examines antisemitism in the U.S. military from the end of World War I through World War II and beyond. Focusing on the Military Intelligence (MI), shows that antisemitic attitudes and conspiracy theories about Jews (e.g. as Bolsheviks) prevailed among top MI officers. The heads and teachers of the War College believed contemporary racial theories that prejudiced them against Jews. Their attitudes affected their juniors, who later held key posts on the general staff and as military attachés in Europe. Thus, more than one generation of antisemites in the military were in a position to and did influence policy regarding Jewish immigration, rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, the admission of Jewish DPs after the war, and policy toward the establishment of Israel.
    URL: Click here for fulltext (may be restricted to subscribers)
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    From cowards and subversives to aggressors and questionable allies : US army perceptions of Zionism since World War I. (2006)
    In:  Journal of Israeli History 25,1 (2006) 107-129
    Details
    ISSN: 1353-1042
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2006
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Israeli History
    Angaben zur Quelle: 25,1 (2006) 107-129
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 20th century ; Anti-Zionism History 20th century ; Jews History 20th century ; United States Armed Forces ; Attitudes
    Abstract: Discusses the negative views of American army officers toward Jews in the first half of the 20th century. Such notions reflected a pervasive, often extremist variant of antisemitism which affected not only the army’s engagement with the “Jewish question” at home and abroad generally but also its view of Zionism. The motives prompting the army’s concern with Zionism, like the mental framework through which it assessed that movement, remained fairly consistent well into the post-World War II era. While Zionism might be a boon to Jews, it was, in the minds of officers, a serious burden to America. Zionism’s very existence and growth reinforced suspicions of American Jews as being more loyal to world Jewry than to their own country.
    DOI: 10.1080/13531040500502460
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Carl Schmitt : theorist for the Reich (1983)
    Princeton, N.J. : Princeton Univ. Pr.
    Details
    ISBN: 0691053804 , 0691093954
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 320 S.
    Year of publication: 1983
    DDC: 943.085/092/4
    RVK:
    MC 6400
    RVK:
    NQ 1090
    RVK:
    NQ 1790
    Keywords: Schmitt, Carl 〈1888-〉 ; Schmitt, Carl 〈1888-〉 ; Schmitt, Carl ; Political scientists - Biography - Germany ; politics ; Political scientists Biography ; Politische Theorie ; Deutschland ; Biografie ; Schmitt, Carl 1888-1985 ; Schmitt, Carl 1888-1985 ; Schmitt, Carl 1888-1985 ; Politische Theorie
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    The "Jewish Threat": Anti-Semitic Politics of the U.S. Army (2000)
    New York : Basic Books
    Details
    ISBN: 0465006175
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: XVII, 560 S., Literaturverz. Bibliography S. 50-5203 , 8
    Year of publication: 2000
    DDC: 305.892/1073
    RVK:
    NY 4900
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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  • 8
    Article
    Article
    Carl Schmitt and the Weimar Right
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  The German right in the Weimar Republic : studies in the history of German conservatism, nationalism, and antisemitism S. 268-290
    Details
    Language: German
    Titel der Quelle: The German right in the Weimar Republic : studies in the history of German conservatism, nationalism, and antisemitism
    Angaben zur Quelle: S. 268-290
    Keywords: Schmitt, Carl
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    A concise history of Nazi Germany : 1919 - 1945 (2014)
    Lanham, Md. [u.a.] : Rowman & Littlefield
    Details
    ISBN: 1442222697 , 9781442222694
    Language: English
    Pages: XIV, 241 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. , 24 cm
    Edition: 4. ed.
    Year of publication: 2014
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    RVK:
    NQ 1780
    Keywords: Hitler, Adolf / 1889-1945 ; Geschichte 1933-1945 ; Geschichte 1919-1945 ; National socialism ; Politik ; Nationalsozialismus ; Drittes Reich ; Germany / Politics and government / 1918-1933 ; Germany / Politics and government / 1933-1945 ; Deutschland ; Deutschland ; Drittes Reich ; Deutschland ; Nationalsozialismus ; Geschichte 1919-1945 ; Deutschland ; Geschichte 1933-1945
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , The origins and development of Nazism, 1919-1928 -- Weimar democracy in crisis -- The rise of Hitler and Nazism -- The historical roots of Nazi ideology -- Party structure, propaganda, and followers during the "early years of struggle" -- The seizure and consolidation of power, 1929-1934 -- Parliamentary paralysis and the Nazi breakthrough of 1930 -- Hitler's legal path to power -- The pseudolegal revolution -- The nazification of German society, 1934-1938 -- The total state versus the dual state and polycracy -- Political biology, culture, and society -- SS terror, anti-semitism, and resistance to nazification -- The rise and fall of the Nazi empire in Europe, 1933-1945 -- The fuhrer as statesman: ideology and foreign policy -- The fuhrer as warrior: victory and conquest -- From domination to retreat -- The Holocaust, resistance, and defeat -- The struggle for justice and historical memory -- From Nuremberg to vergangenheitsbewltigung -- The intractable Nazi legacy in film: propaganda and history
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