Language:
English
Year of publication:
1998
Titel der Quelle:
Jews in Eastern Europe (Jerusalem)
Angaben zur Quelle:
2 [36] (1998) 33-53
Keywords:
Jews Education
;
Antisemitism
Abstract:
Most studies of official policy regarding the Jews in Stalin's last years focus on the government's cutback of Jews in the ruling bureaucracy, the army, etc. - which creates the impression that the antisemitic policy in this period was mainly directed against elites rather than against the broad strata of the Jewish population. Examines the dynamics of the number and proportion of Jewish students in the civilian institutions of higher education and "technikums." Shows that in 1948-52 there was a policy of massive reduction of Jews in higher education, and especially in science. Parallelly, there was a redirection of Jews from institutions of higher education to those of vocational training, from regular study to study by correspondence, and from more prestigious to less prestigious institutions and fields. The reduction of Jews was accompanied by the Russification of education in some republics, but in most of the non-Russian republics - by "nativization." In some republics (e.g. Ukraine, Moldova) this policy was not abandoned even after Stalin's death.
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