Language:
English
Year of publication:
1997
Titel der Quelle:
Jewish History
Angaben zur Quelle:
11,2 (1997) 21-40
Keywords:
Dreyfus, Alfred,
;
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
;
Trials (Treason)
Abstract:
Polish-Jewish relations in Russian Poland between 1890-1914 underwent a transformation influenced by several factors, among them the Dreyfus Affair and the revolution of 1905-7. Amongst Jews, the Dreyfus Affair weakened the assimilationist camp and strengthened the nationalist camp. Amongst Poles, the Affair presented no problems for the conservatives (like Dmowski) and blatant antisemites, but did cause difficulties for the liberal Positivists in their assessment of France and her liberalism. What seriously undermined the liberal stance toward Jews was the rise of Jewish nationalism. The liberals' criticism became conspicuous after the revolution, which had allowed a more free expression of political opinion. Liberals like Swietochowski and Prus adopted the National-Democratic rhetoric, which depicted Jews as a nation at war with the Poles. The Dreyfus Affair, the revolution, and the electoral reform of 1912 caused liberals to close ranks with the Endeks, which resulted in the rise of antisemitism.
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