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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    Frühe sozialwissenschaftliche Analysen der Konzentrationslager durch Deportierte aus Wien. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 167-197
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 167-197
    Keywords: Bettelheim, Bruno Criticism and interpretation ; Federn, Ernst Criticism and interpretation ; Kautsky, Benedikt, Criticism and interpretation ; Kogon, Eugen, Criticism and interpretation ; Neurath, Paul Martin, Criticism and interpretation ; Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Nazi concentration camps Psychological aspects ; Nazi concentration camps Social aspects ; National socialism Research
    Abstract: This text compares and discusses early publications by five authors who were deported from Vienna to concentration camps after Austria’s so-called Anschluss with the German Reich in 1938. In their analyses, Bruno Bettelheim (1903-1990), Ernst Federn (1914-2007), Benedikt Kautsky (1894-1960), Eugen Kogon (1903-1987) and Paul M. Neurath (1911-2001) drew on their own experiences with modes of thinking from the fields of the social sciences and psychoanalysis. Their aimwas to formulate general statements about life under extreme conditions, going beyond the perspective of the eyewitness. This analysis reconstructs the genesis of these texts and their reception. Ultimately, it asks why “Austrians” seem to be overrepresented, as it were, among early analysts of the camp.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-007
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    From the pencil to pixels : traces of Dutch presence in Buchenwald. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 489-503
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 489-503
    Keywords: Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Holocaust memorials
    Abstract: This article describes the various ‘waves’ of Dutch prisoners who came to Buchenwald and the remnants they left behind in cultural and personal memory. In the texts, drawings and physical and digital memorials of Buchenwald, we find all three functions of Mahnmal, Denkmal and Gedenkstätte. In the early topdown or institutional memory, such as monuments, an inequality is visible with an emphasis on non-Jewish survivors. Digital archives may offer a more inclusive contribution to memory culture.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-019
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Buchenwald in der tschechischen Literatur. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 27-52
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 27-52
    Keywords: Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), in literature ; Nazi concentration camps in literature ; Czech literature History and criticism
    Abstract: The Czechs were one of the largest national groups among the prisoners of Buchenwald. Most of them were political prisoners, but they comprised prisoners with previous convictions, emigrants, homosexuals, Jews and Roma as well. They also included numerous personalities from politics, the church, business, science, journalism, art and literature. Czech intellectuals began documenting their personal experiences and observations of their imprisonment while the war was still raging. These texts were accompanied by individual poetic responses. Other memoirs followed after the war, accompanied by an increase in works of artistic literature in various genres,which - directly or indirectly - made reference to Buchenwald. Because all these works - today largely forgotten or overlooked - convey profound impressions of camp life and deliver insights into the camp’s processes and mechanisms from a specific perspective, this article sees itself as a first attempt to understand this problematic. It views, briefly presents and classifies the materials available with the goal of providing impulses for ongoing, more intensive examinations of this issue.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-002
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    Beyond anti-fascist heroism, representations of Buchenwald in Hungarian literature. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 113-138
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 113-138
    Keywords: Királyhegyi, Pál. ; Kertész, Imre, ; Kroó, László. ; Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), in literature ; Nazi concentration camps in literature ; Hungarian literature History and criticism 20th century
    Abstract: The current paper explores the main Hungarian literary representations of Buchenwald. While the discussion below presents the most relevant historical facts, relates to transnational trends and briefly covers the reception of select texts’ Hungarian translations, it focuses primarily on three major works of literary fiction in the Hungarian language that address experiences of Buchenwald to a significant extent and in a fictionalized way: Pál Királyhegyi’s Mindenki nem halt meg [Not Everyone Has Died], Imre Kertész’s Sorstalanság [Fateless] and László Kroó’s Bölcsőm, koporsóm Buchenwald [Buchenwald: My Cradle, My Coffin]. The paper argues that Királyhegyi’s 1947 work is a fascinating experiment in black comedy, Kroó’s 1981 novel reconsiders anti-fascist certainties and develops a more hesitant and sceptical approach to past heroism within the broad parameters of state socialism, whereas Kertész’s 1975 novel amounts to an innovative attempt to create authentic testimony opposed to any and all forms of memory instrumentalisation.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-005
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Nebentexte, Gegentexte : zur Genre- und Positionsvielfalt der Buchenwald-Literatur in der DDR (jenseits von "Nackt unter Wölfen"). (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 393-418
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 393-418
    Keywords: Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), in literature ; Nazi concentration camps in literature ; German literature History and criticism
    Abstract: The most important GDR Buchenwald narrative focussed on the communist prisoners who showed solidarity even under inhumane conditions and liberated the camp in 1945. It was influenced by Bruno Apitz’ novel Naked Among Wolves (1958) - and literary studies still upholds the central position of the text today. This essay corrects this in two regards: firstly, by examining the remarkable diversity of other GDR volumes that dealt with Buchenwald (in the form of poems, medical novels and children’s books). Secondly, it argues that, from the end of the 1960s, we can observe an opening up of the Buchenwald discourse. It traces this development by first looking at Fred Wander’s novel The Seventh Well and then discussing it with regard to two foreign volumes, which in spite of their marked ideological differences were still published by GDR publishing houses. It therefore suggests entering a 1968 caesura into the years attributed to the research of the Apitz dogma, 1958 to 1989, in order to do justice to the increasing diversity of Buchenwald portrayals in the GDR.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-015
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Das verstrickte Opfer : Buchenwald in der jüngeren englischsprachigen Belletristik. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 505-520
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 505-520
    Keywords: Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Nazi concentration camps in literature ; English fiction History and criticism 21st century
    Abstract: The reception of German-speaking Buchenwald literature is dominated by the topic of resistance. However, there has been little attention paid to the question of to which extent prisoners in Buchenwald cooperated with the perpetrators. It is only in the last ten or twenty years that literary interest in the relationships between perpetrators and victims in Buchenwald has intensified - predominantly in literature written in English. This chapter analyses novels by Jenna Blum, Catherine Chidgey, Martin Goodman, Howard Jacobson, Ellen Keith and Bernice L. McFadden. It applies the theory of “agonistic memory” advanced by Anna Cento Bull and Hans Lauge Hansen, who do not see victims and perpetrators as absolute, mutually exclusive categories, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating victim and perpetrator perspectives into cultural memory work and setting them in relation to one another.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-020
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    Kanonisierungen : Robert Antelme "L’espèce humaine" (1947). (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 167-197
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 167-197
    Keywords: Antelme, Robert Criticism and interpretation ; Antelme, Robert. ; Kofman, Sarah Criticism and interpretation ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
    Abstract: This text compares and discusses early publications by five authors who were deported from Vienna to concentration camps after Austria’s so-called Anschluss with the German Reich in 1938. In their analyses, Bruno Bettelheim (1903-1990), Ernst Federn (1914-2007), Benedikt Kautsky (1894-1960), Eugen Kogon (1903-1987) and Paul M. Neurath (1911-2001) drew on their own experiences with modes of thinking from the fields of the social sciences and psychoanalysis. Their aimwas to formulate general statements about life under extreme conditions, going beyond the perspective of the eyewitness. This analysis reconstructs the genesis of these texts and their reception. Ultimately, it asks why “Austrians” seem to be overrepresented, as it were, among early analysts of the camp.
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-010
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  • 8
    Article
    Article
    Buchenwald in Polish literature. (2023)
    In:  Buchenwald (2023) 53-82
    Details
    ISBN: 9783110770117
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2023
    Titel der Quelle: Buchenwald
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2023) 53-82
    Keywords: Buchenwald (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945), in literature ; Nazi concentration camps in literature ; Polish literature History and criticism 20th century
    Abstract: In the context of the Polish literature devoted to German Nazi concentration camps, the works dealing with the subject of Buchenwald are rather scarce. None of them are masterpieces or at least exceptional literary works. Some, however, are interesting cognition- or artistic-wise. The former include the prewar reportages by Stanisław Nogaj entitled Za drutami i kratami Trzeciej Rzeszy (Behind the fences and bars of the Third Reich), the memoirs of Władysław Wójcik entitled Byłem w piekle… (I’ve been to hell…), and the poems written in Buchenwald. I would include among the latter the first edition of Bohdan Urbankowski’s poetry cycle Głosy (The Voices) and Piotr Matywiecki’s poem Wywleczeni na słońce… (Dragged Into the Sun). Situated between the two groups is Mieczysław Lurczyński’s revelatory - not just in the context of Polish literature - drama Stara Gwardia (The Old Guard), which depicts the so-called “grey zone”. The remaining works are interesting mostly as manifestation of ideological and political involvement, as well as of collective and individual memory and sensitivity. As a literary theme, Buchenwald has not been and likely never will be able to “compete” with camps located in the Polish territories, especially with Auschwitz-Birkenau, which is a central symbol of Polish martyrology and of Shoah, also being “a timeless tale marked with the stigma of non-transience” (Imre Kertész).
    DOI: 10.1515/9783110770179-003
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    Buchenwald : zur europäischen Textgeschichte eines Konzentrationslagers (2023)
    Berlin :De Gruyter,
    Details
    ISBN: 978-3-11-077011-7
    Language: English
    Pages: VII, 546 Seiten : Illustrationen
    Year of publication: 2023
    Series Statement: Medien und kulturelle Erinnerung 9
    Keywords: Literatur ; Konzentrationslager Weimar-Buchenwald ; Konferenzschrift / , 2019
    Note: Beiträge der Tagung "Buchenwald in Europa", die vom 25.-28. September 2019 in Weimar stattfand. , Erscheint auch als; Erscheint auch als: Buchenwald. -Berlin/Boston : De Gruyter, 2022, Online-Ressource, 553 Seiten, 7 Illustrationen, 23 Illustrationen, Online-Ausgabe; Online-Ausgabe : 9783110770179.
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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