Language:
English
Year of publication:
1994
Titel der Quelle:
American Philosophical Society: Proceedings
Angaben zur Quelle:
138,1 (1994) 25-30
Keywords:
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
Abstract:
Reviews the characteristics of Romanian antisemitism, aiming to explain a paradoxical situation: in Romania, "the most antisemitic country in prewar Europe" (Hannah Arendt), more than 400,000 Jews survived World War II. Remarks that at the beginning of the war Romanians carried out pogroms in a selective fashion, killing primarily "enemy" or "foreign" Jews. Sees the uniqueness of Romanian antisemitism in its link to the romantic nationalism of the 19th century. Antisemitism gained cultural prestige because leading Romanian intellectuals justified it ideologically. But they rejected the systematic use of force - e.g. expulsion or genocide. Romanian antisemitic ideology developed a concept of qualitative difference between "Spanish" and "Polish" Jews, justifying selective discrimination and massacres.
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