Language:
French
Year of publication:
2022
Titel der Quelle:
Revue Thomiste
Angaben zur Quelle:
122,3 (2022) 387-437
Keywords:
Adam Christian interpretations
;
Eve Christian interpretations
;
Thomas, Criticism and interpretation
;
Sin, Original History of doctrines
;
Gender identity Religious aspects
;
Christianity
Abstract:
This study answers to three objectives. The first is to underline an important point of the Thomistic doctrine of the unity of the human race which derives from Adam as from its principle. According to St. Thomas, Adam was established by God not only as the "father" but also as the "ins- tructor" of the human race. As the universal cause, he continues to exercise influence over all men. The second objective is to understand why Aquinas does not associate Eve to the principality of Adam according to nature. Many arguments (exegetical, anthropological, scientific) justify, according to him the fact that Eve does not play an active role in the generation, education, and government of the human race, as well as in the transmission of original sin. The third objective is to see what, in the position of St. Thomas, can be retai- ned and what, in the light of recent theological and scientific developments, must be exploited, nuanced or corrected. There is much at stake in so many points of reflexion. The subject leads us to a better intelligence of monogenism, of the principality which our first parents exercised over all humanity, of the transmission of original sin, but also of the difference man/woman and of the conjugal order in the state of original justice and in the state of corrupted nature.
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