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  • 1
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 1991
    Titel der Quelle: New German Critique
    Angaben zur Quelle: 52 (1991) 155-172
    Keywords: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jews History 1945- ; Antisemitism History 1945-
    Abstract: An expanded version of a paper presented at a conference held in Jerusalem, October 1990. Examines ways in which Nazism and reflections on the mass murder of the Jews became elements of German historical consciousness and political culture after World War II. Mentions the forced philosemitism of West German political culture in the 1950s-60s and the anti-Zionist backlash of the younger generation after 1967. Discusses the present-day trend, in light of German unification, to neutralize the Nazi period and its crimes by emphasizing the "continuity" of German history. "Mastering the past" now refers to the 40 years of communist rule. The linkage of anti-communism and antisemitism is being revitalized to create new antisemitic sentiments, involving also a fear of the influx of Russian Jewish immigrants. Expresses doubts that Auschwitz will be a concrete component of future German historical consciousness; National Socialism and the Shoah will recede into the past. But the Jewish factor will persist as a counterpoint to the mainstream of national reconstruction.
    Note: An expanded version appeared as "The 'Jewish question' in the 'German question' 1945-1990: reflections in the light of November 9th" in "The Danger of Antisemitism in Central and Eastern Europe in the Wake of 1989-1990" (1991) 35-51.
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  • 2
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1994
    Titel der Quelle: Jüdischer Almanach
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1995 (1994) 150-159
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 1945- ; Jewish theater ; Motion pictures ; Jews in motion pictures ; Antisemitism in motion pictures ; Antisemitism in the theater
    Abstract: In 1949 the screening of the film "Oliver Twist" in the British zone of West Germany and in Berlin aroused Jewish protests. Jewish demonstrators in front of the movie theater in Berlin where the film was showing fought with the German police. The "Berliner Zeitung" expressed the reaction of a large part of the German population when it called the demonstration a provocation by foreign Jews. During the same period, in an effort to dissociate themselves from Nazism and to demonstrate their philosemitism, German theaters everywhere were staging Lessing's "Nathan der Weise", which portrays an ideally virtuous and wise Jew. Points out that this image had nothing to do with real Jews, the victims of the Holocaust, but rather with German repression of the recent past. Argues that philosemitism easily turns to antisemitism, and that every representation of Jews in the theater must be judged in the context of the predisposition of the audience.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    In:  Der gewöhnliche Antisemitismus (1994) 171-189
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1994
    Titel der Quelle: Der gewöhnliche Antisemitismus
    Angaben zur Quelle: (1994) 171-189
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 1945-
    Abstract: Observes that the reunification of Germany was accompanied by a demand for normalization and a new national identity based on dissociation from the moral burden of the past and an orientation toward the future. This trend was evident already in the 1980s; now it found expression in the government's refusal to include a reference to the Jews in the preamble to the unification treaty. Condemnation of the East German Stasi replaced condemnation of the Holocaust, which had never been more than halfhearted. Antisemitism, kept underground by official taboos since 1945, broke through the surface and proved its persistence over generations, not only in Skinhead gangs but in sections of the population which backed them. Accusations traditionally made against Jews are now directed against foreigners in general; but xenophobia is almost always accompanied by antisemitism.
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  • 4
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1992
    Titel der Quelle: Antisemitismus
    Angaben zur Quelle: (1992) 174-193
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 1945- ; Jews History 1945-
    Abstract: A paper delivered at a conference organized by the Breuninger Kolleg, Stuttgart, April 1991, with discussion on pp. 194-196.
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    In:  Folia Linguistica 27,3-4 (1993) 277-292
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 1993
    Titel der Quelle: Folia Linguistica
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,3-4 (1993) 277-292
    Keywords: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Influence ; Antisemitism History 1945-
    Abstract: The discourse on Jews and things Jewish has very often been a touchstone of postwar German political culture. Antisemitic or philosemitic views, attitudes, positions, and forms of response in the FRG can generally be traced back to the immediate postwar period. Antisemitism was banned from the public sphere, but was retained in private discourse by way of allusions; it became latent antisemitism. Philosemitism was primarily a semantic phenomenon; one of its main characteristics was to create distance while pretending to create emotional and social nearness. What philosemitism involved was not the content of what was said, but how it was said. Presents examples of the prime philosemitic stereotypes - economic, political, cultural, social, religious. The philosemitic stereotype exaggerates everything Jewish, idealizing its object. Whatever does not fit this image is either disregarded or undergoes a metamorphosis in an antisemitic direction. Philosemitism blurred historical consciousness semantically; it took the place of genuine confrontation with the past and with contemporary Jewish history.
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  • 6
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1992
    Titel der Quelle: Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1 (1992) 42-76
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 1945-
    Abstract: Discusses German political culture in the decade after 1945 as expressed in public reception of plays and films. Describes this culture as righteously philosemitic, but with antisemitism close beneath the surface and constantly breaking through; what was illegitimate in politics seemed permissible in the cultural realm. Philosemitic stereotypes of the Jew (e.g. "Nathan the Wise") easily turned into their opposites. Jews and liberals who protested against screenings of the British movie "Oliver Twist" or against performances (in themselves harmless) with actors or directors who previously worked for the Nazis, such as Veit Harlan, were attacked by mobs and by the German police and were stigmatized by the press as foreign black-marketeers. Films and plays avoided Jewish themes; the public did not want to be reminded of the past. Fassbinder recoiled from philosemitic stereotypes and adopted antisemitic ones instead. After the reunification of Germany, Syberberg called for a German culture free of the Jewish domination which in his view had been imposed on it after Germany's defeat.
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    In:  Geschichte und Gesellschaft; Zeitschrift für historische Sozialwissenschaft 18,1 (1992) 22-50
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1992
    Titel der Quelle: Geschichte und Gesellschaft; Zeitschrift für historische Sozialwissenschaft
    Angaben zur Quelle: 18,1 (1992) 22-50
    Keywords: Christianity and antisemitism History 1945- ; Antisemitism History 1945- ; Holocaust (Christian theology) ; Jews History 1945-
    Abstract: Describes the attitude of the German Protestant Churches in the first five years after the Holocaust as a continuation of their pre-Nazi anti-Judaism. Like most Germans, the churchmen (with a few exceptions, such as Martin Niemöller) avoided acknowledgment of the enormity of Nazi crimes and of their share in the responsibility. Declarations of guilt issued under the prodding of international bodies were couched in vague terms and did not mention Jews. Anti-Jewish expressions and equation of German suffering with that of the Jews appear frequently in correspondence. A first "Word on the Jewish Question" (1948) mentions guilt and condemns antisemitism, but describes the Jews' fate as the judgment of God and encourages their salvation in Christianity. Argues that philosemitism also cultivated an unreal stereotypical image of the Jew under which antisemitic prejudice persisted; non-antisemites were rare.
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  • 8
    Language: German
    Year of publication: 1992
    Titel der Quelle: Menora; Jahrbuch für deutsch-jüdische Geschichte
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3 (1992) 182-209
    Keywords: Antisemitism History 1945-
    Abstract: Describes the efforts of the American occupation authorities to combat antisemitism in the German population, and their difficulties in finding German partners in this project. The most successful were the Societies for Christian-Jewish Cooperation, founded under U.S. auspices in various cities; but even their effectiveness was limited.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 3854474679
    Language: German
    Pages: XI, 299 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. und Kt.
    Year of publication: 1993
    Uniform Title: Histoire universelle des Juifs
    DDC: 909.04924
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Geschichte ; Juden ; Jews -- History ; Jews -- History -- Maps ; Geschichtsatlas ; Judentum ; Siedlungsgeografie ; Geschichte ; Juden ; Atlas ; Bildband ; Juden ; Geschichte ; Juden ; Siedlungsgeografie ; Geschichte ; Judentum ; Geschichte ; Geschichtsatlas
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