Language:
Hebrew
Year of publication:
1992
Titel der Quelle:
פעמים; רבעון לחקר קהילות ישראל במזרח
Angaben zur Quelle:
51 (תשנב) 70-80
Keywords:
Antisemitism
;
Jews History Middle Ages, 500-1500
;
Jews History 1500-1800
;
Clothing and dress
;
Hair
;
Jews Social life and customs
Abstract:
Discusses the policies of the Portuguese kings in regard to special clothing for Jews (a pointed badge or a hat) from the time of the decision of the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) through the 18th century. At first the kings tended to ignore the decision. Afonso IV (1325-1357) was the first to enforce it. Pedro I (1357-1367) opposed the "Jewish sign". Fernando I (1367-1383) gave exemptions to rich and important Jews, for which he was severely criticized by the Cortes and the Christian populace. João I (1384-1433) enforced the rules harshly, but his successors Afonso V (1438-1481) and João II (1482-1495) granted exemptions. After the expulsion (1498) there were few Jews left in Portugal except for foreigners passing through. The Inquisition, established in 1536 by João III, noted cases of Portuguese Conversos who, when travelling abroad, wore a "Jewish sign". Philip II decreed in 1583 that all Jews in his kingdoms must wear the sign. In the 18th century, King José attempted to institute a white hat as the "Jewish sign" but was opposed by the Marquis de Pombal.
Note:
על מדיניות כס המלכות במאות הי"ג-י"ח.
URL:
אתר את הפרסום בקטלוג המאוחד של ספריות ישראל
