Language:
English
Year of publication:
1988
Titel der Quelle:
East European Quarterly
Angaben zur Quelle:
22,2 (1988) 159-172
Keywords:
Antisemitism
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
;
Jews History 1800-2000
Abstract:
The Jews comprised 0.5% of the total population and the "Jewish problem" was secondary to conflicts caused by the other nationalities' unwillingness to accept the centralized Serbia-dominated state. The Croatian Peasant Party opposed Jewish "domination" of banking and trade; their extremist rivals, the banned Croatian Rights Party (Ustasha), were highly antisemitic, and becoming pro-fascist and pro-Nazi in the 1930s. In 1939 the Croatian Peasant Party entered the government, which enacted anti-Jewish legislation. In 1941 the puppet Ustasha Kingdom of Croatia was formed which murdered Jews, Serbs, and Gypsies. The Archbishop of Zagreb, Aloys Stepinac, offered no public resistance and many of the Catholic clergy supported these acts. Antisemitism was also present in the Slovenian Populist Party, and in multi-national Bosnia and Macedonia. Antisemitic publications, including the "Protocols of the Elders of Zion", were distributed in Yugoslavia by White Russian emigres and the German Kulturband. The 1940 legislation imposed a numerus clausus in high schools and universities; Jews suffered restrictions in trade and promotion in the army. This government-sponsored antisemitism laid the foundations for the Holocaust in Yugoslavia.
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