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  • Leo Baeck Institute New York  (47)
  • IKJ Berlin
  • [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],  (47)
  • World War, 1914-1918.  (47)
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  • Leo Baeck Institute New York  (47)
  • IKJ Berlin
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  • 1
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    [The life and political views of her grandfather Hermann Loeb : dedicated with love to his granddaughter Renate Simon] (2017)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 + 13 pages : , typescript; illustrated +
    Additional Material: appendix
    Year of publication: 2017
    Keywords: Loeb, Hermann, ; Deggendorf (Displaced persons camp) ; Theresienstadt (Concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jewish families 19th century. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Socialists. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Zionists. ; Butzbach (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoirs of the watchmaker Hermann Loeb (1874-1948), describing his life as an active socialist (social democrat) and Zionist; his encounters with German anti-Semitism; his service in WW I; his experiences during Kristallnacht and the concentration camp Theresienstadt; and finally his immigration to the US.
    Abstract: Also included are clippings referring to Hermann Loeb from the German press in Giessen, Frankfurt and Butzbach; 2011-2013.
    URL: Digital form
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=5006985&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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    Leo Baeck Institute New York
  • 2
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    My recollections : 1872-1962 (2014)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Pages: 50 , typescript.
    Year of publication: 2014
    Keywords: Königshöfer, Meier, ; Child welfare. ; Jewish leadership. ; Jewish merchants. ; Orphanages. ; Orthodox Judaism. ; Soldiers 1871-1914. ; Textile industry. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Fürth (Bavaria, Germany) ; Palestine Emigration and immigration 1929-1948. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: English translation of 'Meine Erinnerungen 1872-1962' by the author's grandnephew, Leon Chameides.
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=4535593&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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    Leo Baeck Institute New York
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Memoirs of Reinhard Helmut Lesser / (1987-2013)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 81 , bound typescript; illustrated +
    Additional Material: genealogical tables
    Year of publication: 1987-2013
    Keywords: Honig family. ; Lesser family. ; Architects Biography. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Poznań (Poland) ; United States Emigration and immigration. ; Autobiographies ; Genealogical tables ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The first 50 pages encompass Lesser’s memoirs from his birth to ca. 1920; his further life is then described by his daughter, Margaret Lesser Bach.
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=4509740&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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    Leo Baeck Institute New York
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    A brief history of the Arnstein family : (For Katharine Arnstein) (2003)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 2003
    Keywords: Arnstein family. ; Arnstein, Gustav, ; Arnstein, Leopold, ; Arnstein, Richard, ; Jewish families ; Jewish printers. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Stuttgart (Germany) ; Sulzbach (Saarland, Germany) ; United States Emigration and immigration. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: History of the Arnstein family, dating back to Seckel Arnstein in 1751 and his ancestor Ahron Fraenkel in 1645, who established a printing press business in 1699. Seckel Arnstein continued the business of printing of Hebrew bibles, which became famous all over Central and Eastern Europe under the name “S. Arnstein & Sons”. Another predecessor, Leopold Arnstein, founded a dry goods store under the name “Leopold Arnstein & Sons”. Family history of Gustav and Richard Arnstein, the grandfather and father of the author. Gustav Arnstein was born in Sulzbach and raised his family together with his wife Nanette, née Luber, in Wertheim. Later they moved to Stuttgart. In 1907 Gustav Arnstein founded a security business (“Nachtwach- und Schliessdienst”) for local stores and factories. Assimilated life style. World War One. Marriage of the author’s parents Richard and Charlotte, née Heymann. Post-war depression and rise of Nazi movement. Immigration to the United States.
    Abstract: The following individuals are named: Arnstein, Seckel, 1751-1825 ; Auer, Ignatz ; Heymann, Berthold ; Heymann, Charlotte ; Luber, Nanette ; Spitzer, Franz.
    Note: English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=401731&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 5
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    How we survived : Chronicles of our families. (2000)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 pages : , typescript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 2000
    Keywords: David, Frank. ; Dreyfuss, Albert, ; Dreyfuss family. ; Dreyfuss, Franziska (née Grünbaum), ; Dreyfuss, Fritz. ; Oppenheimer, Alice, ; Antisemitism. ; Fasts and feasts Judaism. ; Jewish families 20th century. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Physicians. ; Suicide. ; Women authors. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Germany History 1918-1933. ; Hamburg (Germany) ; Landau in der Pfalz (Germany) ; Switzerland Emigration and immigration. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoir contains the first chapter of Luise David's autobiography. Recollections of her mother Franziska Gruenbaum, who - after a love affair to an unsuitable partner - was married to the physician Albert Dreyfuss in 1908. The couple had two children, Fritz and Luise. Her husband served in World War One. After years of depression and frequent sojourns in different sanatoria, Franziska Dreyfuss commited suicide in 1919. Luise was sent to her father's family in Landau. The family was reunited again a year later, when Albert Dreyfuss married his second wife Alice Oppenheimer in 1920. Celebration of holidays at the Dreyfuss family in Landau. Weekend outings in the countryside. Recollection of the author's childhood with various nannys and governesses. Early interest in dress making and clothing. Awareness of her different status as the daughter of the town's physician and as a Jewish girl. Encounters with anti-Semitism. Luise was enrolled in the "lyceum" (girl's school), where she became an excellent student. Rising Nazi movement. Her brother Fritz emigrated to Switzerland in 1933.
    Note: English , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=400472&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 6
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    My granddaughter wanted to know... (1998)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
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    Pages: 2 +7 + 5 + 6 , handwritten manuscript (copy).
    Year of publication: 1998
    Keywords: Groszman family. ; Horthy, Miklós, ; Wallenberg, Raoul, ; Antisemitism. ; Blood accusation ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Life in hiding. ; Holocaust survivors. ; Jewish ghettos. ; Jews Persecution 1939-1945. ; Righteous Gentiles in the Holocaust. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Argentina Emigration and immigration. ; Budapest (Hungary) ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoir was written in 1998 in Argentina. Gabriel Groszman describes the family history reaching back to the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Anti-Semitism and the blood libel trial of Tisza Eszlar. His father, who was born in the Habsburg empire, fought in World War One. In 1918 counter revolution in Hungary under Admiral Horthy, who established a semi-fascist regime. Childhood memories of the Jewish life in Vamosmikola, a small Hungarian village of 1500 inhabitants and 25 Jewish families. Both of his grandparents had small stores and did fairly well. Encounters of anti-Semitism in a predominantly Catholic environment. With Hitler's rise in Germany Admiral Horthy became encouraged to reinforce Anti-Jewish regulations. Gabriel's father was forced to give up his grain-business, because agricultural related buisness was prohibited for Jews. Move to Budapest. Nazi occupation of Hungary in 1944. Imi, Gabriel's 18 years old brother, was taken to a copper mine in Yugoslavia. Gabriel himself at age 14 had to clean up factories after air raids. He got a position as a messenger boy at the Jewish community committee (Judenrat). Large Jewish population in Budapest (300.000) delayed the Nazi efforts of deportation. Concentration of the Jewish population in designated houses under restricted circumstances. House searches by the Nazis. Growing danger of deportation. Raol Wallenbergs intervention with the Swedish embassy provided the family with a special document of protection. They moved to the "Swedish house". In December 1944 the Nazis did not respect any longer the immunity of the protected Jewish families and started deporting people from there as well. The Nazis established a Jewish ghetto in a district of Budapest to prepare the final deportation of the Jewish population in Budapest. Approaching Russian troops cut the roads and crossed these plans. The family of Gabriel Groszman was still able to stay in the "Swedish house", though with limited protection.
    Abstract: Mass killing of Jewish people who were taken to the river Danube and shot by Hungarian Nazis. Gabriel's father bought forged papers for the family, stating them as Eastern Hungarian refugees. They moved out of the Ghetto and the "Swedish house" to the gentile district with forged identities. Air raids and advancing Russion troops. Their landlords discovered their true identity and restrained from denouncing them. After a few weeks Budapest was liberated by the Russians. The family moved to Vienna and lived there for three years, before they emigrated to Argentina.
    Note: English and some Spanish , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=400363&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 7
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    From St. Poelten to America : [1906-1997]. (1997)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1997
    Keywords: Kubin, Rosa, ; Kubin, Ludwig. ; Lustig family. ; Mautner, Hans. ; Singer, Karl. ; Ullman, Egon. ; Chemists. ; Education, Higher 1918-1933. ; Physicians. ; Universities and colleges. ; Women authors. ; Women Education. ; Women Employment. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Boston (Mass.) ; Sankt Pölten (Austria) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoirs were written in the United States in 1997. Childhood recollections. Ambition of Rosa's father, a leather merchant, to send his daughter to Gymnasium (high school) in order to prepare her for studies at the University. Rosa was the only female student in the local Gymnasium. Recollections of World War One. After graduation in 1924 she enrolled at the University of Vienna. Her plan to study medicine was opposed by her mother, so she registered in pharmacology and chemistry. In 1930 she became engaged with her future-husband Dr. Ludwig Kubin, specialist in dermatology. Rosa received her doctorate in chemistry in 1931. She got a position with the Austrian Chemical Works as the only female applicant among 50. Rosa and Ludwig Kubin were married in 1935. Preparations for their emigration prior to the Anschluss 1938. The couple received affidavits for the United States. They left for Portland, Oregon via Switzerland and Paris in 1938. Life as immigrants in the new country. Rosa became the breadwinner of the family as a hospital technician at the Oregon Medical School. They moved to Boston, were they both obtained positions at the Waltham hospital. Rosa became an Assistant Professor of chemistry at Middlesex University (later: Brandeis University). Sudden death of her husband in 1954. Rosa Kubin was the only women honored as a 50-year member by the American Chemical Society at Harvard in 1990.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=398360&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 8
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    Erna Franck's memoirs : (1900-1981). (1995)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 pages (single space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1995
    Keywords: Antisemitism. ; Jewish families. ; Voyages and travels. ; Women authors. ; Women Education 1871-1918. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; France Emigration and immigration 1933. ; France Politics and government 1940-1945. ; Germany History 1918-1933. ; Hamburg (Germany) ; Martinique. ; Morocco. ; New York (N.Y.) ; Paris (France) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1940. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Transcript of the memoir by Erna Ferrand, written originally 1977-1979 in New York.
    Abstract: Genealogical information on her family; recollections of her childhood and her schooling in Hamburg; marriage during World War I and life during the war, the revolution and in the Weimar Republic; her husband's activities as a radio advertiser; the family's emigration to France and her experiences in Paris; the family's evacuation from Paris and their crossing into Spain; their experiences in North Africa; their immigration in the United States and life in New York.
    Abstract: The folowing persons are mentioned: Ballin, Albert; Blaich, Emil; Delatour, Salomon; Doeblin, Alfred; Friedland, Jacques (Jakob); Gottheil, Richard; Hagenow, Walter; Karlweis, Oscar; Karpell, Hans; Levy, Benno; Mann, Thomas; Mehring, Franz; Richter, Erich; Wohlgemuth, Martin.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=494581&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 9
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    Memoirs : Heida Hermanns Holde (1991)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 139 + 4 , bound typescript; illustrated.
    Year of publication: 1991
    Keywords: Fiedler, Max. ; Friedberg family. ; Goldschmidt, Alice (Metzger) ; Goldschmidt family. ; Metzger family. ; Schnabel, Artur, ; Dr. Hoch’s Konservatorium. ; Jüdischer Kulturbund. ; Antisemitism. ; Jazz ; Jewish families. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Musicians. ; Music teachers. ; Pianists. ; Stockbrokers. ; Women authors. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Berlin (Germany) ; New York (N.Y.) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Wiesbaden (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The author's mother Alice Goldschmidt was a gifted piano player, who studied with Carl Maria Breithaupt and became his most talented student. Childhood recollections. Early musical awakening. Outbreak of World War One. Recollections of air raids and scarceness of food. Inflation and political instability in post-war Germany. Piano lessons by her mother from an early age. Heida made her debut at age fourteen with the Wiesbaden Symphony under the conductor Carl Schuricht, who became a close mentor and friend. Close relationship to her mother, who had a great influence on her professional career. Heida had a number of outstanding teachers, among them Artur Schnabel, Karl Leimer and Egon Petri. Heida was accepted as a student of Petri at the "Hochschule fuer Musik" in Berlin, where she studied between 1922-1925. Salon at her aunt's house with guests such as the playwright Georg Kaiser and Siegfried Wagner. Her sister Elsie received her Ph.D. in economics and moved to Berlin as well. Heida graduated from the "Hochschule" in 1925. Soon after she won an international piano competition in Berlin. Engagements with various conductors such as Max Fiedler and Otto Klemperer. Private lessons with Arthur Schnabel and Carl Friedberg, the co-founder of Juilliard. Due to occasional experiences of antisemitism during her music career Heida decided to change her name from Goldschmidt to Hermanns. Position at the "Hoch Conservatory" in Frankfurt. Encounter with the music critic Artur Holde, Heida's future-husband. Engagement and wedding in 1932. Move to Berlin.
    Abstract: Rise of Nazism. Start of the "Juedische Kulturbund", an organization providing a Jewish audience with concerts by Jewish musicians. Her husband's determination to leave the country after the Nazi takeover in 1933 eventually saved her and her family. They left Germany officially for a concert trip to the United States. Arrival in October 1936 in New York. Initial difficulties. Heida started with private piano lessons. Position at the Chatham Square Music School. Production of Paul Hindemith's "Let's Build a Town" in 1937. Arthur Holde became music editor of the German-language paper "Aufbau". Endeavors to bring her parents out of Germany. Studies with Pierre Luboschutz and Isabelle Vengerova. Piano recitals and concerts. Summer vacations in Westport, Connecticut. Ensemble with the violinist John Corigliano. Position at the Manhatten School of Music. Death of her husband in 1962. Work for an art council in Connecticut.
    Abstract: The following individuals are mentioned in this memoir:
    Abstract: Abendroth, Hermann, 1883-1956 ; Bernstein, Leonard, 1918-1990 ; Breithaupt, Carl Maria ; Copland, Aaron, 1900-1990 ; Corigliano, John ; Duke, Vernon (Dukelsky, Vladimir), 1903-1969 ; Eisner, Bruno ; Goldschmidt, Moritz ; Hindemith, Paul, 1895-1963 ; Hirsch, Paul ; Holde, Arthur, 1885-1962 ; Friedberg, Carl ; Jacobs, Monty ; Kaiser, Georg, 1878-1945 ; Kallir, Rudolf ; Klemperer, Otto, 1885-1973 ; Leimer, Karl ; Luboschutz, Pierre ; Manes, Alfred ; Mannes, David, 1866-1959 ; Melchior, Lauritz, 1890-1873 ; Petri, Egon, 1881-1962 ; Raabe, Peter ; Salzer, Felix ; Schiff, Paul ; Schuricht, Carl, 1890-1967 ; Sachs, Curt, 1881-1959 ; Seiber, Matyas, 1905-1960 ; Vengerova, Isabelle, 1877-1956 ; Wagner, Siegfried, 1869-1930 ; Walter, Bruno, 1876-1962 ; Warburg, Felix ; Weill, Kurt, 1900-1950 ; Wolff, Louise ; Zucker, Paul.
    Note: Available on microfilm , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1053832&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 10
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    Lebensgeschichte von Frau Lotte Hirschberg. (1990)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Pages: 6 pages : , typed manuscript.
    Year of publication: 1990
    Keywords: Hirschberg, Lotte, née Krieg, ; Jews Social life and customs. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Germany History 1800-1933. ; Chile Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Autobiography.
    Abstract: This 6 pages-long memoir by Lotte Hirschberg is less biographically oriented as her paper "Mein Leben". She writes more broadly about educational matters in her family home, cultural life, and manners in middle class families. She provides an account of the atmosphere during the WWI era and the Weimar Republic. The memoir ends with the emigration to Chile, and the first years there in exile.
    Note: German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1502515&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 11
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    Geschichte eines Weltbuergers. (1989)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 371 pages : , bound typescript.
    Year of publication: 1989
    Keywords: Levi, Julius Walter. ; Authors. ; Physicians. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Berlin (Germany) ; Munich (Germany) ; Potsdam (Germany) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Note: Available on microfilm , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=790066&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 12
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    Wanderer in drei Kontinenten. (1987)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 3 + 55 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1987
    Keywords: Banks and banking. ; Education, Higher 1918-1933. ; Fraternal organizations. ; Jewish leadership. ; Lawyers. ; Jews, German Genealogy. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Judaism Customs and practices. ; Restitution and indemnification claims (1933- ) ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Bremen (Germany) ; Chile Emigration and immigration 1936. ; Germany Emigration and immigration 1971. ; Santiago (Chile) ; United States Emigration and immigration. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Childhood memories growing up in Bremen; secular and religious education; experiences during World War I in Bremen; revolution in Bremen; decision to study law; study at University of Heidelberg; experience of anti-Semitism; membership in Jewish student fraternity; study at University of Berlin, University of Goettingen; work as lawyer in Bremen; vacations sailing; loss of law practice after 1933; decision to emigrate to Chile in 1934; emigration to Chile in 1936; description of sea journey to Chile; arrival in Chile; émigré life in Chile; work as leather manufacturer; birth of children; post-war visits to Germany; life in post-war Santiago; work as lawyer dealing with restitution claims; emigration to Germany in 1971; work for bank in Bremen; activity in Bremen Jewish community and Zentralrat der Deutschen Juden; immigration to USA; death of wife; remarriage.
    Abstract: The following names are mentioned: Feyer, Walter; Goldberger, Paul; Hirschfeld, Emil; Katz, Karl; Kiefer, Leo; Lehmann, Claudio; Lehmann, Hilde; Lehmann, Irene; Levy family; Schwabe, Ida; Schumacher, Hans; Straus, Hilde; Seide, Hans; Wolff, Martin.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , English synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=493592&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 13
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    Sophie Dann. (1986)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 pages (1.5 space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1986
    Former Title: No title
    Keywords: Dann, Gertrud, ; Wandervogel (Youth movement) ; Antisemitism. ; Children. ; Education, Secondary. ; Jewish communities. ; Jewish families. ; Jewish religious education. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Merchants. ; Nurses. ; Restitution and indemnification claims (1933- ) ; Social workers. ; Teachers. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Women authors. ; Women Education. ; Women Employment. ; Youth movements. ; Augsburg (Germany) ; Fürth (Bavaria, Germany) ; Great Britain Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Nuremberg (Germany) ; Palestine Emigration and immigration 1929-1948. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Sophie Dann, including description of her childhood in Augsburg; of her secular and Jewish education; of her experiences during World War I; of her involvment in and exclusion from the youth group "Wandervogel"; of her training as a teacher and a nurse; of her employment as a nurse in Augsburg, Nuremberg and Fuerth; of her work for the Augsburg Jewish community after 1933; of life in Nazi Germany and her parents leaving for Palestine; of her emigration to England with her sister; of her work as a domestic and a nurse there; of her life in post-war England and restitution payments from Germany; and of her work in Freud's library, information on her parents moving to England, and their life there.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=420954&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 14
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    Memoirs & reminiscences : [1898-1985]. (1984)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 + 248 , typescript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 1984
    Keywords: Fischer family Genealogy. ; Universität Wien. ; College teachers. ; Jewish way of life. ; Education, Higher 1871-1918. ; Geographers. ; Teachers. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Universities and colleges. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Austria History 1918-1919. ; Palestine Emigration and immigration 1938. ; United States Emigration and immigration 1940. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Childhood in Vienna; description of family; primary and secondary education; description of teachers and schoolmates; military service in Austrian army in World War I; student life at the university in Vienna; Revolution of 1918-1919; Austria in inter-war period; Jewish life in Vienna; description of school system and teacher colleagues in inter-war Vienna; hikes and travels; Nazi takeover and November Pogrom in 1938; emigration to Palestine and USA; new jobs as university teacher and political geographer.
    Abstract: Contains a biography of Eric Fischer by Michael M.J. Fischer and a bibliography of his publications.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
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  • 15
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    Grandma, times have changed. (1982)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 101 pages (double space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1982
    Keywords: Children. ; Education, Higher. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Education, Primary. ; Education, Secondary. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Lawyers. ; Marriage. ; Women authors. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Berlin (Germany) ; Cuba Emigration and immigration 1939. ; United States Emigration and immigration 1940. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Childhood in wealthy Berlin family; high school and university study; marriage to the lawyer Alfred Gerstel; decision to build a new house in 1935; persecutions in Nazi Germany; Pogrom November 1938; immigration and life in the USA.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=375254&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 16
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    Vignettes of my Life : [1899-1979] (1979)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 98 pages (double space) : , 98 pages (double space) : , bound typescript. , Typewritten manuscript (bound)
    Year of publication: 1979
    Keywords: Freud, Martin. ; Flöge, Emilie Louise, ; Freud, Ernestine Drucker. ; Freud, Anna, ; Freud, Sigmund, ; Mädchenlyzeum der Frau Dr. Phil. Eugenie Schwarzwald (Vienna, Austria) viaf. ; Mädchenlyzeum der Frau Dr. Phil. Eugenie Schwarzwald (Vienna, Austria) viaf. ; Divorce. ; National socialism. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Actors. ; Lawyers. ; Speech therapists. ; Voyages and travels. ; Women authors. ; Women Education. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Austria History 1918-1938. ; Austria History Anschluss, 1938. ; Casablanca (Morocco) ; France. ; United States Emigration and immigration. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoirs were written in 1979 in the United States. Esti Freud was the first born daughter of a Viennese Jewish lawyer. Her mother was a passionate singer whose career was prevented by her early marriage. Childhood memories and recollection of summer vacations. Confusion of religious identity due to her pious Catholic nanny. Private tutoring and attending "Schwarzwaldschule", a highly esteemed girl's school. Her plans to study at university were inhibited by her mother, who feared her to become hunchbacked. Instead she was offered speech lessons to become an actress. Outings to the mountains with her father. Confrontation with stereotypical perceptions of a young woman's reputation. Outbreak of World War One. Volunteering as a nurse. Recollections of the flow of refugees in Vienna and the scarceness of food. Various public poetry recitation in Vienna and Prague. Courtship and marriage to Martin Freud. Recollections of the Freud family and the "Herr Professor" Freud himself. Difficulties to start a household in postwar Austria. Martin, who had studied law, obtained a position as a clerk in a bank. Difficulties of married life. Birth of her children Walter (1921) and Sophie (1924). Starting a career in speech therapy. Training at the clinic for speech and voice disorders of Dr. Froeschel. Memories of the worker's uprise in 1927. Position as a lecturer in speech therapy at the Vienna University in 1932. Political instability due to the rise of fascism in Europe. "Anschluss" in 1938 and the sudden reality of Nazi terror. Preparation to emigrate. Estrangement and separation from her husband. The Freud family left for England, whereas Esti and her daughter emigrated to France. New life in Paris. German occupation of France. Esti and her daughter Sophie escaped to Casablanca. Emigration to the United States and starting a new career in New York.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
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    Erinnerung und Dialog. (1977)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 106 , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1977
    Keywords: Blumenfeld, Kurt, ; Noam, Ernst. ; Nussbaum, Max. ; Grumbach, Robert. ; Antisemitism. ; Education, Higher 1918-1933. ; Lawyers. ; Socialism. ; Universities and colleges. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Zionism. ; Germany Politics and government 1918-1933. ; Hanau (Germany) ; Palestine Emigration and immigration 1934. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: This is an edited (incomplete) transcript of oral history interviews with Ernst Noam (Nussbaum), conducted with his wife Lotte Noam and their children in Switzerland and in the United States, 1976-77.
    Abstract: Memories of Ernst Nussbaum's childhood in a well-to-do Jewish family in Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main. His father Max Nussbaum was a lawyer. Recollections of the outbreak of World War One. His father served as a sergeant in the German army. Shortage of food and memories of air raids. Erst Nussbaum grew up in an assimilated and liberal environment. His great-uncle, the lawyer Robert Grumbach, was a Socialist, who had a great impact on him. Different world of his orthodox paternal grandparents in Fulda. His grandfather Levy Nussbaum was parness in the synagogue. Nussbaum family history going back to the 17th century in the Frankfurter Judengasse. Recollections of the Jewish community and local politics in Hanau, where Max Nussbaum, the author's father, was the leader of liberal party. Vacations with his younger sister Hilde at the Jewish children's home of Gertrud Feiertag in Norderney. Recollections of the murder of Walter Rathenau in 1922. Relations between Jewish and non-Jewish pupils in the Gymnasium (high school). Experience with antisemitism. Exclusion from the student dance formation "Schillerkraenzchen". Members of the pre-Nazi organization "Jungsturm" among the students. Encounter with Zionism and establishment of Zionist youth group ("Juedischer Wanderbund") together with Ernst Loewenstein in Hanau. Outings at the weekends. Influence of Zionist leader Kurt Blumenfeld. Studies of law at the universities in Frankfurt, Geneva, Freiburg, Hamburg and Berlin. Zionist student organizations. Cultural activities. After the Nazi take-over in 1933 Ernst Nussbaum went to Paris. He emigrated to Palestine in 1934, where he was reunited with his family.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
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    Retrospect and reflections : (My life and my times). (1976)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 275 + 19 pages (double space) : , bound typescript; illustrated.
    Year of publication: 1976
    Keywords: Goldstein, Elsa Ruth (née Oppenheimer) ; Mosbacher, I.Z. ; Antisemitism. ; Economists. ; Jewish families. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Merchants. ; Music Instruction and study. ; Outfitting industry. ; Universities and colleges. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Zionism. ; Aachen (Germany) ; Germany History 1871-1918. ; Germany History 1918-1933. ; Great Britain Emigration and immigration 1939. ; Munich (Germany) ; Stuttgart (Germany) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1939. ; United States History 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Kurt Goldstein, completed in 1976, including information on his grandparents; his childhood and his secular, Jewish and musical education in Nuremberg; World War I; his experience with anti-Semitism in the 1920s; his university studies and his studies in England; his apprenticeship of the production of cloth in Aachen; and his joining the family's business in 1929. Recollections of political, social and cultural life in Weimar Germany; the increasingly difficult situation after 1933 in Stuttgart; a trip to Palestine in 1935; his imprisonment after the 1938 November Pogrom; his emigration to the United States via England; his life, diverse jobs and business enterprises in Buffalo; his courtship and marriage to Elsa; and their family life and children.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
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    Ferne Erinnerungen aus meiner Kindheit und Jugend und Alter. (1975)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 123 + 75 + 205 , bound typescript.
    Year of publication: 1975
    Keywords: Amann, Dora (née Israel), ; Amann, Paul, ; Israel family. ; Christian converts from Judaism. ; Children. ; Emigration and immigration. ; Families. ; Jews Persecution 1938-1945. ; Music. ; Women authors. ; Women Education. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; France. ; United States. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Dora Amann including family history reaching back to her grandparents, recollection of her childhood in Vienna, and information on her own and her brother's schooling, on changing family customs, on her musical education, on World War I, on antisemitism and political life in Europe before and during Nazi rule, on the fate of the different family members, on her emigration to France and to the United States via Lisbon, and on her life in America.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , Synopsis in file
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    Die Geschichte vom Herrn Rat. (1974)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 67 pages (double space) : , Typewritten manuscript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 1974
    Keywords: Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Marriage. ; Suicide. ; Memoirs ; Biographical sources
    Abstract: Account (1900-1942) of love affair between officer's son and Jewish woman; death of their son as soldier in World War I; suicide of Jewish woman and her husband in Nazi Germany; written in fictional form.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
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  • 21
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    Introduction to the history of the descendants of Abraham Felsenstein 1813-1885. (1973)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 108 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1973
    Keywords: Felsenstein, Abraham. ; Felsenstein family. ; Education, Higher 1871-1918. ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jews Emigration and immigration. ; Jews Genealogy. ; Military service. ; Orthodox Judaism. ; Physicians. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Germany History 1789-1900. ; Germany History 20th century. ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Early history of Felsenstein family; family of Abraham Felsenstein; family of Siegfried Felsenstein (father of author); courtship and marriage of Siegfried and Rosa Felsenstein; family move from Fuerth to Leipzig in 1909; medical study at universities of Leipzig, Munich, Heidelberg; outbreak of World War I; work as medical officer during war; imprisonment of brother during war; end of war; marriage; death of mother; emigration and death of father; lives of brothers; lives of uncles and their family members.
    Abstract: The following individuals are mentioned: Felsenstein, Alfred; Felsenstein, Ernest S; Felsenstein, Eugen; Felsenstein, Felix; Felsenstein, Isidor; Felsenstein, Jacob; Felsenstein, Jitzchok; Felsenstein, Josef; Felsenstein, Ludwig; Felsenstein, Mortiz; Felsenstein, Robert; Felsenstein, Rosa; Felsenstein, Semy; Felsenstein, Siegfried; Felsenstein, Siegmund; Felsenstein, Sophie; Marx, George; Marx, Gertrude.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English , Synopsis in file
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    Lothar Bickel : (8. Mai 1902 - 23. April 1951). (1970)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 111 , typescript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 1970
    Keywords: Bickel, Lothar, ; Bickel, Shlomo, ; Brunner, Constantin, ; Kettner, Frederick, ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jewish physicians. ; Orthodox Judaism. ; Philosophers. ; Philosophy. ; Socialism. ; Universities and colleges. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Zionism. ; Bukovina (Romania and Ukraine) ; Canada Emigration and immigration 1945- ; Chernivt︠s︡i (Ukraine) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The author describes his friendship with Lothar "Elieser" Bickel in the Zionist youth group "Hashomer Hazair", where he met him in 1919 in Czernowitz, Bukowina. Discussion of Jewish-national and social problems and studies of Hebrew. Elieser's growing interest in philosophical and socialist themes. His brother Schlomoh Bickel was a leader of the worker's movement Poale Zion. Influence of the ethic seminary by Dr. Kettner and criticism on Zionist ideals. Elieser Bickel became acquainted with the philosopher Constantin Brunner and grew to become one of his most talented students. In 1922 Elieser enrolled at the Medical School in Bucharest, where he experienced virulent anti-Semitism at the university. Disintegration of Dr. Kettner's seminary in Czernowitz. Circle around Elieser Bickel who promoted the growing importance of Brunner's philosophy. In 1926 Elieser graduated. After completing his military service he decided to move to Berlin in 1927. Czernowitz philosophy circle in Berlin and friendship with Constantin Brunner. Lectures and studies of philosophy. Work as a physician in Berlin and Prenzlau. In 1931 journey to Spain. After Hitler's takeover in 1933 he moved back to Bucharest, where Lothar Bickel became one of the most renowned gynecologists. He continued his philosophic interests and specialized in the ethic of Spinoza and Kant. Death of Constantin Brunner in 1937. Acquaintance with Maedi Moscovici. They married in 1939 in Czernowitz. Military service and growing danger of approaching Germans. Precarious situation of the Jewish population. Armistice and continuation of his philosophic work. In 1950 Lothar Bickel emigrated to Canada. He died in Toronto in 1951.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
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    About my family : [1892-1940]. (1969)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1969
    Keywords: Bach, family. ; Grunfeld family. ; Kary family. ; Hat trade. ; Internment of aliens. ; Jewish families 19th century. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Austria History Anschluss, 1938. ; Czechoslovakia. ; England. ; United States Emigration and immigration Nineteen forties. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoirs were written In 1969. Genealogy of the Boehm family, dating back to the 18th century. The author's great-grandparents came from Nikolsburg, Moravia, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. They emigrated to the capital Vienna In 1840, where the widowed greet grandmother opened a business with raw materials, which later on was developed into a hat factory. Family history of the Bach and Grunfeld family. Description of domestic life and family activities, like Sunday “jours”. Description of gender difference in education end upbringing. Family apartment house in Vienna, Mariahilferstrasse. Summer vacations In the family country house In Baden. His brother Victor showed an early talent for technical studies, but was not able to attend university, because he was needed in the family business. He continued his studies privately. The author finished Handels•Akadomie and joined the family business as well. Recollections of the enthusiasm end patriotism In the first days after the declaration of the war In 1914. The author and his brother Victor proudly volunteered In the Austro-Hungarian Army. Description of the terrors of the war. End of the war and collapse of the empire. Inflation and difficulties to keep up their business. Difficulties in the exchange of goods between the family factories in Czechoslovakia and Vienna. Expanding business. Recollections of Anschluss to Nazi Germany in March of 1938. Immediate awareness of approaching dangers and concentrating efforts on liquidating business and getting family members out of the country. Difficulties in obtaining immigrations visas. The family dispersed in different countries.
    Abstract: The author and his brother Victor escaped with their families to Czechoslovakia in September of 1938, when the German troops were already occupying the northern parts of the country. They had to leave within a short time and obtained visas for Belgium with the help of their business friendFritz Feldheim, who had connections with the embassy. In January of 1939 they emigrated to England, where they successfully started a hat factory. In 1940 their status as “enemy aliens” became more and more restrictive, and they were informed about their possible internment in a camp on the Isle of Man. They sold their factory and with help of their American visas, which had arrived in the meantime, proceeded their immigration to the United States in June and July of 1940.
    Note: See also: ME 1349 , English
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    [Account of his life to 1920]. (1968)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 236 + 118 pages : , handwritten manuscript; typescript +
    Additional Material: clippings
    Year of publication: 1968
    Keywords: Börner, Wilhelm, ; Courtship. ; Draft. ; Education, Higher. ; Intellectual life 20th century. ; Jewish families. ; Personal narratives. ; Textile industry. ; Textile schools. ; Voyages and travels. ; War wounds. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1914-1918 Prisoners and prisons, Russian. ; Austria History 1789-1900. ; Austria History 1918-1938. ; Liberec (Czech Republic) ; South America Description and travel. ; Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Manuscripts. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Arthur Wolf’s autobiography in English written during the last years of his life, based on his German diaries. The diaries are available as part of the Arthur Wolf papers, AR 25270.
    Abstract: Arthur Wolf mentions the sentencing of the writer and philosopher Wilhelm Börner for heresy in 1911 on page 54 of the original manuscript; clippings pertaining to this sentence are available in folder 2.
    Abstract: Also available is a typed transcript that was reviewed by Arthur’s nephew, Peter Wolf, but some words or names could not be deciphered. Arthur Wolf’s life and movements are marked in bold.
    Note: Manuscript has been microfilmed on MSF 66 and MSF 67. , English
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    My Memoirs : From our family chronicle (Paul Tachau and Ilse Sternthal Tachau) (1964)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 614 pages : , typescript (carbon copy); illustrated.
    Year of publication: 1964
    Keywords: Sternthal family. ; Tachau family. ; Tachau, Paul. ; Tachau, Ilse (née Sternthal) ; Jüdischer Kulturbund. ; Philanthropin (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) ; Samsonschule (Wolfenbüttel, Germany) ; Education. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Musicians. ; Physicians. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; United States Emigration and immigration. ; Wolfenbüttel (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Family history of Tachau, Frankenstein, Seckel, Herxheimer, Loewenstein and Sternthal families.
    Abstract: Among ancestors were Rabbi Salomon Herxheimer, professor Levy Rubens and Julius von Reuter; author's father, Ludwig Tachau, was a teacher at the Philantropin school in Frankfurt am Main and became the director of the Samson school in Wolfenbuettel in 1888; childhood in Wolfenbuettel; primary and secondary education; university studies in Goettingen, Freiburg, Berlin and Heidelberg; activities as musician; experiences as young physician in Zurich and Strasbourg; military service in World War I; marriage and move to Braunschweig and Breslau; return to Wolfenbuettel; recreational travels to Switzerland and Italy; persecution of Jews after 1933; anti-Jewish boycott of April 1933; ousted from the Society of Natural Science in Braunschweig shortly after being reelected as its president in March 1933; playing in string quartet of the "Juedischer Kulturbund" in Hanover; emigration to USA; career as physician in USA; contains reviews of publications and numerous photos of Sternthal and Tachau families (19th and 20th centuries) and of Samson school in Wolfenbuettel.
    Note: Available on memoir microfilm reels # 76, 77 , English
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    My life, (1964)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 309 pages (single space) : , bound typescript; illustrated.
    Year of publication: 1964
    Keywords: Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Shipping companies (Marine transportation) ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Wrocław (Poland) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Describes his childhood in Breslau, his experiences as a German officer during World War I, his business career as a shipowner, his arrest upon his arrival in Germany in 1937 and the time in prison; his founding of the American Banner Lines in the USA.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
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    Die verlorene Heimat. (1964)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 82 pages (1 1/2 space) : , typescript (carbon copy).
    Year of publication: 1964
    Keywords: Stein, Herbert. ; Jüdischer Frauenbund. ; Antisemitism. ; Children. ; Fasts and feasts Judaism. ; Home economics. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Judaism Customs and practices. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Women authors. ; Munich (Germany) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1939-1945. ; Wolfratshausen (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoir was written in the United Sates. Charlotte Stein-Pick was growing up in Munich, Germany. Memories of Shabbat evenings in her family. Close relationship with her Catholic nanny. Celebration of Christmas and Hanukkah. Recollections of anti-Semitic experiences in her childhood. Summer vacations in the rural surroundings of Munich. Outbreak of World War One. Desolation of post-war Germany and rising anti-Semitism. Acquaintance with her future-husband Herbert Stein. Cultural life in Munich. Friendship with Christians. Rising Nazi movement and Hitler's take-over in 1933. House searches by the Gestapo. Charlotte Stein-Pick was the director of the Jewish home-economics school in Wolfratshausen from 1932-1938. Encounters with Nazi persecution during her life in Nazi Germany. Activities in the "Juedischer Frauenbund" and relief work in the Polish Jewish community in Munich. Death of her father in 1937. Terror of the November pogrom night in 1938. Imprisonment of Charlotte's husband Dr. Stein in the Dachau concentration camp. Release of her husband and fervent preparation to leave the country. Immigration to the USA via France in August 1939. Turbulences due to the outbreak of the war. After various interventions finally able to board the ship "Aquitania" from Southampton, England to the United States. Difficulties of a new start. Epilogue: Journey to Germany in 1951.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
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    Marie Munk memoirs. (1961)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 378 pages (double space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1961
    Keywords: Salomon, Alice, ; Antisemitism. ; Christian converts from Judaism. ; Education, Higher 1870-1918. ; Feminism. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1941. ; Lawyers. ; Marriage counseling. ; Social workers. ; Voyages and travels. ; Women authors. ; Women Employment. ; Women Political activity. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Berlin (Germany) ; Germany History. ; Munich (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Marie Munk, written in 1961. Recollections of her childhood; her Christian upbringing; her schooling; her training at Alice Salomon's Groups of Social Work in Berlin; life in Imperial Germany; anti-Semitism; her experiences during World War I; her law studies at the universities of Freiburg and Bonn; her career in law including her work in a legal aid clinic for women in Munich; her admittance to the bar as the first woman in Germany; her work as an attorney in Berlin; her teaching social work and her involvment in the women's movement; the impact of 1933 on feminist organizations; her experiences in Nazi Germany; her travels and later her immigration to the United States; her various jobs in New York State, Philadelphia, Maryland, Northampton (MA), Toledo (Ohio) and Cambridge (MA); her interest in juvenile delinquence; her work as a marriage counsellor; her work as an attorney; her trips to Hawai, Mexico and Asian and European countries where she attended women's conferences; and her impressions in post-war Germany and Berlin.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
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    Memories. (1961)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1961
    Keywords: Bach, Albert. ; Bach family. ; Baeck, Leo, ; Fleischhacker, Suse. ; Mayer, Ruth. ; Mayer family. ; B'nai B'rith. ; Education, Higher. ; Jewish families. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Journalists. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Orthodox Judaism. ; Women authors. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Neustadt an der Weinstrasse (Germany) ; Palestine Emigration and immigration. ; Stuttgart (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoirs were written in 1961. Recollection of the author's childhood in Neustadt, Palatinate. Her parents owned large vineyards. Description of harvest work. Early death of her mother. Relationship with her grandparents. Bertha was enrolled in the "Hoehere Toechterschule" (school for girls). Private piano and French lessons. Afterwards Bertha Bach was sent to a boarding school in Brussels for two years. Engagement with Albert Bach in 1900. Honeymoon to Switzerland, France and Italy. Move to Stuttgart, where the couple acquired a 7-room apartment. Birth of their sons Hans in 1902 and Rudi in 1904. Bertha Bach founded a sisterhood of the Bnei Brith Lodge in Stuttgart and became head of the South German section. Outbreak of World War One. Bertha volunteered at the Red Cross. Food shortages. Bar mitzvah of her sons. Description of her children's studies at university and their careers. Hans Bach became editor and a journalist at the Jewish newspaper "Der Morgen. He married his colleague Suse Fleischhacker in 1938. Wedding ceremony by Dr. Leo Baeck. Rudi Bach spent some years in the United States and South America. He married Ruth Mayer in 1929. Increasing anti-Jewish regulations in Nazi Germany. Rudi and Hans Bach emigrated to Palestine with their families. Terror of the November pogrom in 1938, when Bertha's husband was taken to a concentration camp. Release and emigration to Palestine in February 1939. Cultural difference and modest beginning of a new life. Death of her husband in 1942. Bertha Bach left for the United States via England in 1947, where she joined her children who had emigrated earlier.
    Note: English , Synopsis in file
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    Gedenken und Gedanken aus dem Leben eines Musikers : [1883-1960]. (1960)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 180 pages (double space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1960
    Keywords: Einstein, Albert, ; Viertel, Salka. ; Freemasons. ; Antisemitism. ; Bookkeepers. ; Jewish families ; Jewish musicians. ; Music. ; Voyages and travels. ; Women dressmakers. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; 2. Bezirk (Vienna, Austria) ; Berlin (Germany) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1936. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Bruno Eisner, written in 1960, including description of Leopoldstadt (the Jewish quarter in Vienna) and of Vienna at large, information on his parents and grandparents from Hungary and Moravia, recollections of antisemitism in Vienna, of his childhood, of his schooling, of his musical education and his career as a musician, his membership in a Masonic lodge, his move to Berlin, his marriage to Salka Steuermann, his experience as a musician in the Austrian army during World War I and after the war, his travels to Palestine and Italy, his friendship with Albert Einstein, his immigration to the United States with the help of an affidavit by Einstein, and his life there.
    Abstract: The following names are mentioned in this memoirs:
    Abstract: Altenberg, Peter; Bruckner, Anton; Kargeorgevitch, Prince Bojidar; Nordau, Max; Rathenau, Walter; Twain, Mark.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1362338&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 31
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    Aus der Zeit meines Lebens : Erinnerungen (1960)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 3 + 291 , bound typescript.
    Year of publication: 1960
    Keywords: Chemists. ; Concentration camps. ; Soldiers. ; National socialism. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; France Emigration and immigration 1940. ; Saint-Cyprien (Pyrénées-Orientales, France) ; United States Emigration and immigration 1941. ; Vienna (Austria) Emigration and immigration 1953. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Youth in Vienna; high school and university study; parental house with many famous visitors; soldier in World War I; years between the war; Nazi Anschluss of Austria; emigration to France and internment camp of St.Cyprien; emigration to the USA via Portugal; return to Austria.
    Abstract: The following individuals are mentioned: Lieben, Adolf; Boystein, Leon; Eigner, Katharina; Freud, Sigmund; Grillparzer, Franz; Hopkins, Frederick Gowland; Lieben, Anna; Saar, Ferdinand von; Spizer, Leo; Warburg, Max; Wertheimstein, Franziska von.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=390678&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 32
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    One life is not enough : Autobiographical vignettes [1890-1920] (1956)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 105 + 203 , 105 , bound typescripts. , bound typescript.
    Year of publication: 1956
    Keywords: Busoni, Ferruccio, ; Hofer, Andreas. ; Meitner, Lise, ; Renner, Karl, ; Robert, Richard. ; Shapira, Vera. ; Szell, Georg. ; Bader, Edwin. ; Stern'sche Mädchen- Lehr- und Erziehungsanstalt (Vienna, Austria) ; Antisemitism. ; Education, Higher 1918-1938. ; Women authors. ; Women Education. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Austria History 1918-1938. ; Teplice (Czech Republic) ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Memoir by Lillian Bader describing in great detail life in Vienna, including information on her grandparents and parents, her childhood in Vienna and Teplitz (now Teplice, Czechoslovakia), her education and studies, domestic life, World War I, politics and social issues, her mother's work as a piano teacher and as the director of a girls' boarding school, her husband's encounter with one incident of antisemitism in the Austrian army. The memoir ends with the first years of her marriage in the early 1920ies.
    Description / Table of Contents: The paper version contains a second, illustrated typescript.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English , The memoir was removed from the Bader Collection.
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=576727&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 33
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    Vater und Sohn im Zarenreich 1859-1914 / (1956)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 50 pages : , bound typescript.
    Year of publication: 1956
    Keywords: Lessing, Adolf. ; Lessing, Anneliese. ; Lessing, Anton. ; Lessing, Fred. ; Lessing, Lydia. ; Lessing, Walter. ; Sack, Anneliese. ; Schwanenbach, Peter von. ; Struve, Amand von. ; Struve, Gustav von. ; Vitte, S. I︠U︡. ; Diplomats. ; Education, Higher 1871-1918. ; Industrialists. ; Railroads. ; Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905. ; Soldiers. ; Voyages and travels. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Germany History 1789-1900. ; Germany History 20th century. ; Russia History 1880-1917. ; Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: History of father Anton's business activities in Russia, building railroads and factories; relationships with Russian and German businessmen and statesmen; education of son Walter in Germany; Walter's arrival in Russia 1904; eyewitness account of 1905 Revolution in St. Petersburg; work in father's factory in Kolomna; military service; business activities in Russia; business activities in Siberia; outbreak of war in 1914 in St. Petersburg; return to Oberlahnstein; World War I service as officer on eastern front (Bulgaria); service at embassy in Moscow in 1918 after armistice; witness to assasination of German ambassador Mirbach; survives assassination attempt on his own life; 1919 return to Berlin; work in ministry of war; participation in anti-revolutionary activities in Berlin: "Liga zum Schutz der deutschen Kultur"; post-war diplomatic and political activities; decision to settle in Berlin; Ludwig von Mies van der Rohe contracted to design house, but plan rejected by author; decision to move back to Oberlahnstein; reflections on fate of Germans living in Russia; brief account of inter-war, World War II, and post-war experiences.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=495222&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 34
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    Ein Facit meiner 61 Jahre. (1955)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 152 pages (1 1/2 space) : , typescript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 1955
    Keywords: Children. ; Physicians. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Berlin (Germany) ; Munich (Germany) ; Poznań (Poland) ; Palestine Emigration and immigration 1929-1948. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Childhood and school years in Posen; university studies in Munich and Berlin; as physician in World War I; account of his work as physician during Weimar years in Halle and Munich; emigration and life in Palestine.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1286915&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 35
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    Erinnerungen / (1951)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 23 pages (single space) : , typescript (photocopy).
    Year of publication: 1951
    Keywords: Augspurg, Anita, ; Düwell, Wilhelm. ; Heymann, Gustava. ; Luxemburg, Rosa, ; Prager, Eugen. ; Zetkin, Klara, ; Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands. ; Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands. ; Spartakusbund (Germany) ; Unabhaengige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands. ; Rote Fahne. ; Communism. ; Teachers. ; Labor unions. ; Voyages and travels. ; Women Political activity. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Zionism. ; Berlin (Germany) ; Germany Politics and government 1918-1933. ; Hamburg (Germany) ; Soviet Union. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: At age 17, Frieda Duewell, became a member of Verband fuer Frauenstimmrecht led by Anita Augspurg and Gustava Heymann; Duewell left Jewish congregation and became Zionist; training and work as a teacher; in 1905 she became a member of the Social Democratic Party; 1906 she married the journalist Eugen Prager who worked for the Offenbacher Abendblatt; 1907 move to Cologne and later to Berlin; separation from Prager and dedication to working for the party, in part with Rosa Luxemburg; married Wilhelm Duewell in 1917; same year Frieda Duewell was founding member of left-wing splinter group, the Unabhaengige sozialdemokratische Partei (USPD); November 1918 to February 1919 work in newly founded newspaper "Rote Fahne", member of worker and soldier council (Arbeit und Soldaten Rat); later in 1919 work for newspaper "Die Freiheit"; 1921 travel to Moscow to founding meeting for international trade union (Gewerkschaftsinternationale, PROFINTERN) and meeting of international women's conference; subsequent travel through the Soviet Union; 1928 return to Berlin and work with the central committee of the Communist Party.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German , Synopsis in file
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=407477&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 36
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    Tribute to Max M. Warburg / (1947)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 5 pages (double space) : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1947
    Keywords: Schiff, Jacob H. ; Warburg, Max M., ; American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. ; Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden (Germany) ; Emigration and immigration. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Tribute to the banker Max Moritz Warburg (1867-1946) at the Annual Meeting of the Joint Distribution Committee: Warburg assisted the "Hilfsverein der deutschen Juden" to create a central organization for the relief and emigration of Jews in Eastern Europe. Max Warburg stayed in Germany until 1938 and risked his own life to help Jewish people escaping from the terror of Nazlism.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=566513&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 37
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    [Although there were restrictions]. (1946)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1946
    Former Title: Untitled
    Keywords: Joachim, Gertrude, ; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. ; Jüdisches Krankenhaus (Berlin, Germany) ; Emigration and immigration. ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Holocaust survivors. ; Hospitals. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Medical technology. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Women authors. ; Berlin (Germany) ; New York (N.Y.) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoir was written in 1946 in the United States. Brief reflections on German Jewish life before and after World War One. The memoir focuses on Jewish life in Nazi Germany. The author describes her dismissal from her job as an X-ray technician at the University Hospital in 1938. She started to work with a Jewish physician and in a Jewish outpatient clinic. Gertrude lived together with her ailing mother in Berlin after her siblings had already emigrated. Description of daily humiliations and discriminations in Nazi Germany. Assistant to a clinic physician and spared deportation to Theresienstadt in 1941 due to her position in the Jewish hospital. Death of her mother in 1942. Life with constant threat of deportation. Air raids and approaching Russian troops. Liberation in May 1945. Preparations for her emigration to the United States. Gertrude Joachim arrived in New York in September of 1946.
    Note: English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=401509&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 38
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    Mein Leben in Deutschland vor und nach dem 30. Januar 1933 : [1914-1939]. (1942)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Pages: 44 + 6 , typescripts.
    Year of publication: 1942
    Keywords: Fleischer family. ; Dachau (Concentration camp) ; Antisemitism. ; Kristallnacht, 1938. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Deportations. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1939-1945. ; Austria History 1918-1938. ; Austria History Anschluss, 1938. ; United States Emigration and immigration 1939. ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoir was written for the Harvard University competition in 1942. Also included is an English language report "My experiences on the tenth of November, 1938."
    Abstract: Description of family history. His father was a businessman who came from Budapest to Vienna in 1890. Recollections of his school years in the Gymnasium. Graduation in 1914. Philipp enrolled with classes in German and Latin at the Vienna University. In 1916 he volunteered as a soldier in World War One and was soon promoted to become an officer in the army. Disastrous aftermath of the war. Philipp returned to university to continue his studies. He became a teacher at a Gymnasium (high school). Description of political tensions in post-war Austria. Civil war of 1934. At this time he became strongly aware of the rising attraction of the National Socialist movement. Anschluss in 1938. Degrading "spontaneous actions" against the Jewish population of Vienna. Philipp Flesch lost his position and was forced to retire. He started teaching at a improvised Jewish school. Maltreatment of students by the Hitler youth. Observations of Nazi enthusiasm in the Austrian Gentile population. Occasional experiences of support by neighbors and strangers. Reflections on the Nazi ideology and hatred against Jews. Reports of the first deportations to concentration camps. Recollections of the night of the November pogrom and its aftermath 1938 in Vienna. Description of the circumstances of his arrest and the maltreatment by the Gestapo. Terror and humiliation. Release due to his achievements in World War One. Awareness of the magnitude of destruction and terror. Summons to the Gestapo headquarters. Sarcasm of Nazi bureaucracy and preparations for his emigration. Outbreak of the war. Philipp Flesch left Vienna in 1939 for the United States and emigrated via Holland to New York.
    Note: Available on microfilm , German and English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=779513&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 39
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    The first "Blitz", (1938)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 2 + 611 pages (1 1/2 space) : , typescript (carbon copy).
    Year of publication: 1938
    Keywords: Antisemitism. ; Jews Persecution 1933-1945. ; Marriage. ; Soldiers. ; Sales personnel. ; Suicide. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; United States Emigration and immigration 1933-1945. ; Autobiographies ; Novels. ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Autobiographical account in form of a novel: experiences as soldier in World War I; reaction to census of Jewish soldiers; antisemitism among soldiers; social barriers between Jews and Christians in school; daily life of a Jewish salesman in Weimar years; social contacts with Jews and non-Jews; changes in 1933; marriage with non-Jewish woman; persecutions in Nazi Germany; immigration to USA; daughter followed later; wife committed suicide.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English prologue , German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=785851&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 40
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    Lebenslauf : geschrieben anlaesslich seines 75. Geburtstags am 14. Februar 1933 (1936)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 23 pages : , 17 pages. , typescript +
    Additional Material: English translation :
    Year of publication: 1936
    Keywords: Sonneborn, Jacques. ; Stern family. ; Gas industry. ; Industrialists. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Cologne (Germany) ; Hamburg (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Transcript: business and economic history circa 1858-1933; rise from modest beginnings in small Westphalian village to important industrialist.
    Abstract: An English translation by Leo Stern’s daughter Erna Bing ('Life history of my father Leo Stern', Larchmont, NY, 1962) also contains a family tree.
    Description / Table of Contents: Folder 1: Lebenslauf
    Description / Table of Contents: Folder 2: Life history
    Note: Available on microfilm , English translation , German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=773645&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 41
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    Erinnerungen 1916-1918. (1931)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 1,148 pages : , typescripts +
    Additional Material: notebook
    Year of publication: 1931
    Keywords: Jews, East European. ; Military service World War, 1914 - 1918. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Romania. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Josephthal's memoirs from 1916-1918, when he was commander of a unit of German soldiers in Romania; dictated in 1931.
    Abstract: Also included is a handwritten notebook, containing Josephthal's memories of August 1916.
    Note: Available on microfilm. , German
    URL: Digital form
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=992607&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 42
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    Before the big storm : A portrait of a way of life - set between two Friday nights. (1920)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 pages (double space) : , typescript (copy).
    Year of publication: 1920
    Keywords: Jewish families. ; Jews Social life and customs. ; Judaism Liturgy. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Frankfurt am Main (Germany) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Nostalgic memories of Jewish family life in post World War I Frankfurt/M. Depicts a family rooted in Jewish traditions as well as in German culture. Mainly concentrating on the narrator's mother shortly before her death.
    Note: Available on microfilm , English
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1283640&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 43
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    Rumänisches Tagebuch, (1917)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 54 + 20 pages : , typescript.
    Year of publication: 1917
    Keywords: Jewish soldiers Diaries. ; World War, 1914-1918 Personal narratives. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Romania. ; Romania Ethnic relations. ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs ; Finding aids.
    Abstract: Typewritten diary by Sigwart Cahnmann, describing a trip with his military unit of the Bavarian army in 1917, travelling primarily by train through Rumania. He details the villages that he passed through, commenting on their residents, their behaviors, looks, and ethnicities, as well as local events and food.
    Abstract: Also included is an English translation by Ruth K. Heiman.
    Note: Finding aid available online.
    URL: Digital form
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=4429362
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  • 44
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    [Ich habe viel erlebt...]. (1916)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 38 pages : , notebook.
    Year of publication: 1916
    Former Title: [Reminiscenses].
    Keywords: World War, 1914-1918. ; Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic) ; Diaries ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Partial diary notes and drafts of letters, touching – among others - on current political affairs and literature.
    Note: Pinkus family collection, AR 7030. , German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=554397&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 45
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    [World war I notebook of Arthur Assur Strauss]. (1915)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 60 pages : , small notebook.
    Year of publication: 1915
    Former Title: [World war I diary of Arthur Assur Strauss]
    Keywords: Germany. ; Soldiers. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; World War, 1914-1918 Participation, Jewish. ; Diaries ; Biographical sources
    Abstract: A small notebook with sloppily penciled diary entries and other notes during World War I.
    Note: German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=423764&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 46
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    Mein Tagebuch : In Feindesland Erlebtes aus der Zeit unseres Gigantenkrieges. Dezember 1914. (1914)
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 67 pages : , bound, handwritten manuscript.
    Year of publication: 1914
    Keywords: Lissauer, Ernst, ; Germany. ; Soldiers. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Belgium. ; France. ; Diaries ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: Diary of German-Jewish soldier in Belgium and France during World War I; expressions of German patriotism and quote of Ernst Lissauer's "Hassgesang gegen England"
    Note: Available on microfilm , German
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=552979&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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  • 47
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    [Record].
    [Place of publication not identified] :[publisher not identified],
    Details
    Language: German
    Pages: 200 , handwritten; photocopies.
    Keywords: Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. ; Jews, Austrian Domestic life 1867-1918. ; World War, 1914-1918. ; Galicia (Poland and Ukraine) ; Vienna (Austria) ; Autobiographies ; Biographical sources ; Memoirs
    Abstract: The memoirs describe Kellmann’s parental home in Austrian Galicia; their escape to Vienna; his service with the Austrian army during World war I, when he was wounded and decorated; and the beginning of his adult life in Vienna. On August 17, 1938 he and his family escaped from Vienna.
    Description / Table of Contents: Memoirs of [Jakob] Kellmann, written for his daughter Hedwig on occasion of her 12th birthday in August 1940.
    URL: Digital form:
    URL: http://digital.cjh.org/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=4508827&custom_att_2=simple_viewer
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