Language:
Russian
Year of publication:
2007
Titel der Quelle:
Архив русской истории
Angaben zur Quelle:
8 (2007) 313-331
Keywords:
Jews History 18th century
;
Antisemitism History 18th century
;
Jews Economic conditions 18th century
;
Moscow (Russia) History 18th century
Abstract:
In February 1790, a group of Moscow merchants and the mayor of the city submitted a petition to the military governor asking him to bar Jewish merchants from Moscow and prohibit their commercial activities there; the petitioners mentioned extant regulations prohibiting Jewish commerce in the city. The Jewish merchants submitted counter-petitions in which, inter alia, they mentioned a law which permitted such commerce. Contends that the Jewish petitioners were referring to the decree of 1780, permitting Jewish merchants registering with the merchant estate to operate, but authorities interpreted this decree as valid only for Belorussia. The controversy was discussed in October 1790 at the Tsarina's Council, which decided in favor of the Moscow merchants. This decision was a reflection of the tendency to limit Jewish commerce throughout the Empire, with the exception of Belorussia and the Black Sea areas, as illustrated by restrictions on Jewish commerce in Riga and Livonia in the 1760s-80s. The tendency and the decision of 1790 were due mainly to economic considerations, and contributed to the formation of the Pale of Settlement.
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