Language:
German
Year of publication:
2016
Titel der Quelle:
Aschkenas; Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur der Juden
Angaben zur Quelle:
26,2 (2016) 351-410
Keywords:
Jews Legal status, laws, etc.
;
Jews Legal status, laws, etc.
;
Jews History 1500-
;
Jewish ghettos
;
Jewish question
;
Germany Politics and government
;
Decision making
;
Austria Politics and government
;
Decision making
Abstract:
Based on a lecture delivered in July 2013 at the 16th World Congress of Jewish Studies, in Jerusalem. In November 1671, the Archbishop-elector of Mainz, Johann Philipp von Schönborn, decided to reduce the Jewish population of Mainz to ten households who would live in an enclosed lane, i.e. a ghetto. Discusses the motives for this move, as Johann Philipp was well-known for his tolerance, and before this event Jews had lived freely next to their Christian neighbors. States that, in the Holy Roman Empire, Jews were generally not the target but rather functioned as an object or instrument of sovereign policy. The expulsion of the Jews from Vienna in 1670 by Emperor Leopold I also cannot be considered a result of personal hostility toward Jews. Rather, this treatment of the Jewish inhabitants and the subsequent development of the "Leopoldstadt" are best explained as a consequence of political pressure resulting from complaints by citizens, as well as the Emperor's urban planning which was informed by mercantilist ideas. Therefore, research and interpretation of imperial princes' "Jewish policies" must take into account public, social, and economic factors.
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