Language:
German
Year of publication:
1994
Titel der Quelle:
Alternative Lateinamerika
Angaben zur Quelle:
(1994) 89-104
Keywords:
Jewish refugees History 20th century
;
Jews History 20th century
;
Jews History 1939-1945
;
Antisemitism History 20th century
;
Philosemitism
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Influence
;
Brazil Emigration and immigration
;
Government policy
Abstract:
A paper delivered at a conference held in Buenos Aires in 1994. In June 1937 Brazil’s Foreign Ministry issued a secret circular which prohibited granting visas to Jews. Yet one year later, with the formal ban still in effect, the Brazilian government had admitted more Jews than in any of the previous twenty years. Contends that these contradictory positions reflect two different stereotypes of Jews. The case against admitting Jews was a combination of traditional Christian motifs and anti-Jewish pseudo-scientific racial concepts. Favoring Jewish immigration was the idea that Jews have a special inherited relationship to financial power and could therefore further Brazil’s industrial development. Encouraging Brazil to accept Jews by playing on the second stereotype were Brazilian Jews, Jewish relief organizations and, most importantly, the U.S. acting through formal and informal means. As a result, about 10,000 Jews, mostly from Germany, Austria, and Italy, were admitted to Brazil between 1938-45 despite the formal ban on Jewish immigration.
Note:
Appeared in English in "Patterns of Prejudice" 30,4 (1996) 43-55; and in Spanish as "Del antisemitismo al filosemitismo; la manipulación de los estereotipos en el Brasil (1935-1945)" in "Discriminación y racismo en América Latina" (1997) 151-164.
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