1. Identity: between creation and recycling2. Arabized Jews: historical background -- 3. Arabized Jews in modern times between interpellation and exclusion -- A. The first process: Jews in Arab lands are Arab -- B. The second process: Jews in Arab lands are "Zionist" (= first exclusion) -- C. The third process: Arabized Jews are "Arabs" (= second exclusion) -- D. The fourth process: the Arabized Jews are .. [a monolithic category] -- 4. Globalization and the search for inessential solidarities -- 5. White Jews, black Jews -- Conclusion -- Appendices: Iraqi-Jewish intellectuals, writers, and artists -- The artist and the falafel.