Language:
English
Year of publication:
2012
Titel der Quelle:
Gal-Ed; on the History of the Jews in Poland
Angaben zur Quelle:
23 (2012) 97-130
Keywords:
Jews
;
Judaism Relations
;
Christianity
;
Christianity and other religions Judaism
;
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
;
Jews Historiography
;
Jews History 1800-2000
Abstract:
Scrutinizes Polish-Jewish relations from the mid-18th century to 1914. The period between the Partitions of Poland in 1772-95 and the abortive 1863 insurrection in Russian Poland was marked with rapprochement and growing solidarity between Polish Jews and Poles. The acceptance of Jews by the Polish patriots suggested that Jews were able to become part of their "host" nation after surrendering most or all aspects of their Jewishness. This rapprochement between Jews and Poles came to an end after the defeat of 1863. In December 1881 anti-Jewish violence erupted in the heart of Warsaw. In the 1880s-90s many anti-Jewish publications saw light in both Russian Poland and Austrian Galicia. At this stage, Polish patriots regarded Jews as enemies of the Polish national cause and as exploiters of the Polish peasantry. Both rightist and leftist authors attacked the Jews. However, some leftist and liberal Polish intellectuals continued to believe in the possibility of Polish-Jewish condominium; the most daring of them (such as Jan Baudouin de Courtenay, Ludomir Grendyszyński, and Teresa Lubińska) condemned antisemitism and the idea of a boycott of the Jews. As a backlash to the rise of Polish antisemitic nationalism, the Jews of pre-World War I Poland began increasingly to embrace Jewish nationalism.
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