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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    In:  The Palgrave Handbook of Britain and the Holocaust (2020) 75-91
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: The Palgrave Handbook of Britain and the Holocaust
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2020) 75-91
    Keywords: Jewish refugees Government policy ; Jews, German ; Jews, Czech ; Jews, Austrian ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
    Abstract: In the years between the assumption of power by the Nazis in January 1933 and the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, before the systematic extermination of the Jews had begun, the principal part that Britain played, as far as the Jews of Europe were concerned, was as a country of refuge. In this immediate pre-Holocaust period, one of the key issues was how many European Jews could be rescued from the Nazi menace
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    In:  Refugees from Nazi-Occupied Europe in British Overseas Territories (2020) 21–45
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Refugees from Nazi-Occupied Europe in British Overseas Territories
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2020) 21–45
    Keywords: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jewish refugees ; Jews, German
    Abstract: For a long time, Canada was one of the lesser known destinations of Jewish emigration from Nazi-occupied Europe. Indeed, unlike its southern neighbour, Canada in the 1930s offered limited opportunities for immigration. Approximately 6,000 German-speaking refugees (Jews and non-Jews) were allowed in. This figure includes about 1,000 ‘enemy aliens’ (most of whom were refugees) who had been interned in the United Kingdom in 1940 and then transferred to the Dominion of Canada. Several recent publications have put the “‘Land der begrenzten Unmöglichkeiten’”, the “land of limited impossibilities” (as one of my interviewees once put it), on the map of exile studies. In this paper, I shall focus on the German-speaking Jews (Yekkes) who found refuge in Canada, in order to show how they positioned themselves within the Jewish community in Canada and whether they created and transmitted a form of collective yekkish memory; how they perceived and positioned themselves within a transnational space linking Montreal and Toronto to London, New York and Jerusalem. My purpose is to emphasise immigrants’ local lives in transnational cultures, to help map the migrant experience, and to use a transnational lens from a Canadian perspective.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    In:  Refugees from Nazi-Occupied Europe in British Overseas Territories (2020) 46–67
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Refugees from Nazi-Occupied Europe in British Overseas Territories
    Angaben zur Quelle: (2020) 46–67
    Keywords: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jewish refugees ; Jews, Austrian ; Jews, German ; Jews, Italian
    Abstract: In July 1940 approximately 6,750 prisoners of war, merchant seamen and civilian internees were deported as ‘enemy aliens’ from Britain to Canada; among them were approximately 2,000 refugees from Nazism and from Fascist Italy, almost all Jewish. Refugees were also interned who had arrived in Canada as aliens. This article aims to analyse more closely the fate and consistency of this special group of refugees, who initially had found refuge in Great Britain. It focuses on the socio-demographic characteristics of this motley group of males (e.g. age structure, origin, marital status) as well as the lengthy release process from internment, including the possibility of a return to Britain after the British government admitted that the deportation of refugees to Canada had been a mistake. The evaluation is based on a database analysis of an until now unexplored collection of index cards of Jewish refugees from Austria, Germany and Italy and aims to deepen our existing knowledge about interned refugees in the field of exile and memory studies.
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