Sprache:
Deutsch
Erscheinungsjahr:
2007
Titel der Quelle:
Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung
Angaben zur Quelle:
16 (2007) 139-162
Schlagwort(e):
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
;
Antisemitism History 1800-2000
Kurzfassung:
Argues that in order to distinguish the nature of antisemitism peculiar to a given country, it is necessary to compare it with that in other countries. Compares antisemitism in the political leadership (not the rank and file or the paramilitary groups) of extreme right-wing organizations in Germany (Deutschnationaler Schutz- und Trutzbund, Stahlhelm, and the Nazi Party) and in France (Ligue des Jeunesses Patriotes, Croix de Feu, Action Française). The DNSTB, the Nazi Party, and Action Française excluded Jews from membership. All of the three veterans' organizations accepted Jews at first, but the Stahlhelm excluded them from 1924 on. In France, only the Action Française was openly antisemitic; in general, overt antisemitism was not compatible with French republcan ideals. In Germany, where republican sentiment was weaker, there was no such restraint. Finds that the intensity and spread of antisemitism correlates with the financial crisis at the time, but even more strongly with feelings of national inferiority and humiliation: in Germany, after the defeat in the First World War; in France, in the late 1930s, in a sense of national weakness vis-à-vis the growing power of Germany. In both countries, the leaders tried to promote a "rational" antisemitism, working through anti-Jewish legislation and administrative measures, but the rank and file was guided by its emotions and resorted to violence.
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