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  • 1
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 1994
    Titel der Quelle: ציון
    Angaben zur Quelle: נח,א (תשנג) 33-90
    Keywords: Martyrdom Judaism ; Blessing and cursing Judaism ; Blood accusation ; Jews Persecutions Middle Ages, 500-1500 ; History ; Crusades First, 1096-1099 ; Christianity and antisemitism History To 1500 ; Antisemitism History Middle Ages, 500-1500
    Abstract: Analyzes the attitude of medieval Ashkenaz Jewry towards Christianity, with a view to understanding the Jews' feelings as a persecuted minority. A recurrent theme in apologetic literature and in the ritual liturgy is the call for divine vengeance for innocent Jewish blood spilt, to occur at the time of messianic redemption. The desire for vengeance gave rise to a ritual of cursing the Gentiles in the liturgy. These curses aroused a strong Christian reaction against the Jews. The Jews believed that the curses had a magic power and would hasten the day of vengeance. They also believed that human sacrifice for the sanctification of God's name ("Kiddush Hashem") would hasten that day, which may explain the acts of suicide and infanticide among Rhineland Jews in 1096. The Jewish chronicles on the Crusades were written mainly to arouse God's wrath and to bring the avenging redemption. They relate that Jews murdered their children in order to preclude their conversion to Christianity. Notes that some Jews were opposed to sacrificial murder. Contends that there is a connection between the Jews' murder of children in 1096 and the appearance of the first blood libel in 1147 in Würzburg. The blood libel arose from a distorted interpretation of the Jews' behavior in 1096 and of the Jews' ritual of vengeance as part of their credo of redemption. Since this false accusation contained some truth, it became widespread.
    Description / Table of Contents: כהן, ג'רמי. "גזירות תתנ"ו" - המאורעות והעלילות; סיפורי קידוש השם בהקשרם התרבותי-החברתי. שם נט, ב-ג (תשנד) 169-208.
    Description / Table of Contents: מינטי, מרי. קידוש השם בעיני נוצרים בגרמניה בימי הביניים. 209-266. גירסה אנגלית מקוצרת:
    Description / Table of Contents: "Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung" 4 (1995)
    Description / Table of Contents: פלישר, עזרא. יחסי נוצרים-יהודים בימי הביניים בראי עקום. 267-316.
    Description / Table of Contents: ברויאר, מרדכי בן יצחק. דמיונו של ההיסטוריון והאמת ההיסטורית. 317-324.
    Description / Table of Contents: גרוסמן, אברהם. "הגאולה המגיירת" במשנתם של חכמי אשכנז הראשונים. 325-342.
    Description / Table of Contents: מנטגן, גרד. היווצרותה של הבדותה על עלילת הדם. 343-349. [נוסח גרמני מורחב הופיע בתוך Aschkenaz" 4, 1994".]
    Description / Table of Contents: יובל, ישראל יעקב. "נקמת ה' נקמת היכלו"; היסטוריה ללא חרון וללא משוא פנים. 351-414.
    Description / Table of Contents: זלדס, נדיה. האומנם עדות לקידוש השם של יהודי ירושלים? [הערה למאמר של מ. מינטי.] שם נט, ד: 513-514.
    Description / Table of Contents: Biale, David. Blood libels and blood vengeance. [On Yuval's article.] "Tikkun" 9,4 (1994) 39-40, 75
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