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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    The Jewish past and the "birth" of the Israeli nation state : the case of Ben-Gurion's Independence Day speeches. (2021)
    In:  Middle Eastern Studies 57,2 (2021) 310-326
    Details
    ISSN: 0026-3206
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: Middle Eastern Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 57,2 (2021) 310-326
    Keywords: Ben-Gurion, David, Political and social views ; Independence Day (Israel) History ; Zionism Attitudes ; Zionism Philosophy 20th century ; History ; Judaism and state Philosophy
    Abstract: The article focuses on David Ben-Gurion’s past image using a series of programmatic and widely distributed speeches he made during Israel’s first Independence Days (1948-1958). The article argues that while the founding of the state was defined as a turning point it was certainly not portrayed as a ‘beginning’, and that both the ancient sovereign and the exilic Jewish experience had a central place in Ben-Gurion’s relevant past. At the centre of discussion stand five main characteristics of the speeches: the continuation between the state and the Jewish ancient past; the central place of a secularized messianism as a bridge between the exilic past and the sovereign present; the attempt to portray a widely accepted shared past using consensus-based terminology; the simplification of the Zionist rebellion against the exile; and the fundamental differentiation between the Jewish symbolic past and the realistic Israeli present. These five elements are analysed against the background of other texts by Ben-Gurion and his image in the research. Finally, this case study is placed within a wider context which demonstrates the Israeli quest for a Jewish framework of meaning that would authenticate the new national myths and charge them with meaning.
    DOI: 10.1080/00263206.2020.1862801
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    Israeli militarism reconsidered : reframing the Independence Day parade. (2021)
    In:  Israel Studies Review 36,2 (2021) 87-106
    Details
    ISSN: 2159-0370
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: Israel Studies Review
    Angaben zur Quelle: 36,2 (2021) 87-106
    Keywords: Militarism Case studies ; Civil-military relations History 20th century ; Parades ; Independence Day (Israel) Case studies ; Independence Day (Israel) Rites and ceremonies ; Israel Social life and customs 1948-1967
    Abstract: This article seeks to challenge conventional arguments about Israel's ‘cultural militarism’ through a comparative analysis of Independence Day parades of the 1950s. Using media reports, newsreels, and archival documentation, it examines the parades and compares them to other cases from around the world. The discussion focuses on three features of the Israeli parades: the widespread civil criticism of the place of the military in Independence Day celebrations; the role of the crowds and their proximity to the marchers; and the partly militaristic character of the parades themselves. While the article does not deny the obvious militaristic connotations of soldiers marching in the streets, it stresses the unique relationship between the armed forces and society in Israel and argues that militarism alone is not a sufficient analytic framework for analyzing Israeli society.
    DOI: 10.3167/isr.2021.360207
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    The Ben-Gurion - Blaustein exchange : Ben-Gurion's perspective between an ideological capitulation and a strategic alliance. (2020)
    In:  Israel Studies 25,3 (2020) 15-32
    Details
    ISSN: 1084-9513
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Israel Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 25,3 (2020) 15-32
    Keywords: Blaustein, Jacob, ; Ben-Gurion, David, ; American Jewish Committee ; Zionism History 20th century ; Israel and the diaspora History ; Jews Attitudes toward Israel 20th century
    Abstract: The article discusses Ben-Gurion's stance towards American Jewry following the establishment of the State of Israel (1949-1951) with a focus on the Ben-Gurion—Blaustein Exchange of 1950, and specifically on Ben-Gurion's alignment with the non-Zionist American Jewish Committee (AJC). Our main contention here is that Ben-Gurion's motivation in aligning with the non-Zionists cannot have been merely political or pragmatic but reflects rather a deliberate ideological position. Contrary to the dominant scholarly view, Ben-Gurion did not make ideological ‘concessions’ to the AJC in the “Exchange”. The “Exchange” was in full accord with Israel's self-definition both as a nation-state and a Jewish state. The article draws on letters, cables and telegrams exchanged between Ben-Gurion, Blaustein and Proskauer before and after the Ben-Gurion—Blaustein Exchange and relates the correspondence to Ben-Gurion's momentous speech before a gathering of the American Zionist Committee during his first visit to the US as Prime Minister in 1951. These developments taken together shed light on Ben-Gurion's ideology as it applies to the Jewish State in relation to the American Jewish Diaspora.
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    Israeli military education : historical overview of a unique phenomenon (1941-2004). (2022)
    In:  British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 49,5 (2022) 971-992
    Details
    ISSN: 1353-0194
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2022
    Titel der Quelle: British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 49,5 (2022) 971-992
    Keywords: Israel. Education ; Military education History ; Military education History ; Motivation (Psychology) Political aspects ; Motivation (Psychology) Case studies ; Civil-military relations Case studies
    Abstract: This article traces the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) different perceptions of military education from the 1940s to the 2000s and discusses their place in the Israeli military strategy. It first compares the founding principles of Israeli military education with other concepts from around the world, and then examines the changes in the Israeli concept between the 1940s-1970s. Finally, it addresses some of the trends and challenges of the Education Corps from the mid-1970s onwards, which are still relevant today. The historical discussion starts with the educational doctrine of the Palmach, a pre-state military force established in 1941, and culminates in 2004, with the articulation of the military education doctrine in a formal document. The main argument is that the Israeli case presents a unique understanding of military education, which is important not only in historical context, but also in the wider context of the relationship between armed forces and society, and the never-ending question of what motivates the soldier to put his life in danger.
    DOI: 10.1080/13530194.2021.1890546
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Exporting Israel to the Diaspora : the attempt to make Israel's independence day into a worldwide Jewish holiday. (2020)
    In:  Israel Studies 25,1 (2020) 174-197
    Details
    ISSN: 1084-9513
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Israel Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 25,1 (2020) 174-197
    Keywords: Israel and the diaspora Government policy 20th century ; Independence Day (Israel) ; Israel History 1948-1956
    Abstract: The article analyzes Israel's early efforts to establish its Independence Day as a worldwide Jewish holiday and to “export” it to the Jewish Diaspora during Israel's first decade. The first part will discuss the implementation of the holiday abroad and the blurring of boundaries between local Jewish institutions and the Israeli delegation; the second part will utilize the reports of the Israeli delegates to demonstrate the importance of Jewish celebrations abroad and the dilemmas encountered by diplomats there; and the third part will analyze the attempt to encourage Jewish tourism during the holiday as a form of pilgrimage. My main argument is that this case study demonstrates a multi-dimensional relationship between Israel and the Diaspora/Exile, rather than one based solely on negation. Moreover, by positioning the Diaspora Jews as part of the collective, the Israeli narrative has been charged with a new meaning that constituted Israel's raison d'ětre.
    DOI: 10.2979/israelstudies.25.1.08
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