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  • 2020-2024  (44)
  • 2020  (44)
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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    In:  Vetus Testamentum 70,2 (2020) 340-360
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 340-360
    Keywords: Bible. Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Br' (The Hebrew root) ; Purity (Philosophy) Biblical teaching ; Metaphor in the Bible ; Heart Biblical teaching
    Abstract: This article focuses on the pivotal role of verses 12-14 in Psalm 51. In v. 13 the speaker expresses the fear that due to his transgressions God’s spirit of holiness will be taken away, because God does not tolerate impurity of any kind. For the impurity generated by the transgressions will be projected onto the sanctuary, which in this way will be defiled. Therefore, aligned with רוח קדשך in v. 13 is טהור לב in v. 12: purity is the sine qua non for God’s holy spirit to stay and keep active in the midst of the Israelites. In this view, the impure world of words and deeds is the total from which the pure ones are to be separated. It is not the purity of the heart itself, but the process of purification that is expressed here, so that the pure heart remains, cleared of sins.
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 237-244
    Keywords: Bible. Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Cuneiform inscriptions, Akkadian ; God Biblical teaching ; Cities and towns in the Bible
    Abstract: The names of Mesopotamian cities and the cuneiform signs used to write them can shed light on the phrase “YHWH is There” (Ezek. 48:35) in its biblical context.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    In:  Vetus Testamentum 70,2 (2020) 285-297
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 285-297
    Keywords: Bible. Criticism, Textual ; Bible. Translations into Greek Versions ; Bible. Manuscripts, Greek
    Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between the Samaritan Greek translation of the Pentateuch, i.e., the Samareitikon, and an obscure 5th cent. fragmentary papyrus of Exodus, Carl 49. The latter has been recognized previously as transmitting a text of the Septuagint which was obviously revised towards some kind of Semitic source. It is argued here that the Semitic base upon which Carl 49 was revised was not Jewish but Samaritan. This is based on a textual analysis of the fragment which reveals important connections with the Samaritan textual tradition, specifically the Samaritan Targum. Further, this analysis may possibly be confirmed by external evidence, namely an obscure marginal reading designated κατὰ Σαµαρειτῶν found in codex M, the heavily annotated 7th cent. Octateuch MS.
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    In:  Vetus Testamentum 70,2 (2020) 270-284
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 270-284
    Keywords: Bible. Septuagint ; Language, style ; Bible. Septuagint ; Language, style ; Bible. Versions ; Septuagint ; Authorship ; Bible. Translating
    Abstract: Attempts to advocate multiple authorship for the Greek Pentateuch depend principally on statistics and are tenuous methodologically. Research methods from Translation Studies, applied to Genesis and Exodus, bring out their continuity. A sounding of the translational approach in Gen 2-3, Gen 27-28, Gen 48/50 and Exod 1-2 suggests that the Gen translator’s approach is shifting and flows seamlessly into that of the initial Exod chapters. Lexical and syntactic examples, too, illustrate that Exod continues or builds on or further develops the renderings found in the latter part of Gen. A natural explanation for this state of affairs is that the translator of Gen, whose approach had become increasingly idiomatic, completed Gen 50 and continued with Exod in the same vein. Our findings call for a verification of the multiple authorship hypothesis for the rest of the Pentateuch. They imply a less monolithic evaluation of LXX text-critical evidence.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 316-339
    Keywords: Bible Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Sex in the Bible ; Premarital sex Biblical teaching ; Jewish law Biblical teaching ; Virginity Biblical teaching ; Patriarchy Biblical teaching
    Abstract: It is commonly held in recent scholarship that biblical law, like the society in which it was generated, did not regard premarital sex as a severe offence. The law of the slandered bride (Deut 22:13-22), which determines that a bride that was found non-virgin on her wedding night shall be killed, has therefore become during the last decades a riddle for biblical law researchers, who try to explain the girl’s sin in various ways. We claim that this view ignores the wealth of ethnographic data that shows that harsh treatment of premarital sex is common, especially in patrilineal and patrilocal societies (as was ancient Israelite society). Moreover, a reexamination of other biblical laws regarding sexual conduct in light of the same ethnographic data shows that they reflect the very same attitudes. The different laws are not contradictory but rather complementary-all reflecting a typical patriarchal, androcentric, traditional society.
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    In:  Vetus Testamentum 70,2 (2020) 245-269
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 245-269
    Keywords: Bible Comparative studies ; Oral communication ; Soqotri language Texts ; Wisdom literature Criticism, interpretation, etc.
    Abstract: The article investigates the thematic and stylistic parallelism between Old Testament books (primarily, but not exclusively, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Songs) and the oral poetry in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri. Striking similarities between the two corpora, noted already by the father of Soqotri studies in the West, David Heinrich Müller, are investigated in depth on the basis of the author’s fieldwork experience on the island.
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    In:  Vetus Testamentum 70,2 (2020) 361-368
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,2 (2020) 361-368
    Keywords: Bible. Language, style ; Bible. Language, style ; Bible. Language, style ; Hebrew language, Biblical Negatives ; Hebrew language, Biblical Syntax
    Abstract: The one-word negative response lō’ means “no” in Zech 4:5 and “yes” in Gen 18:15. This ambiguity is syntactic in nature and is handled and removed also by BH syntax.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,1 (2020) 17-41
    Keywords: Bible. Criticism, Redaction ; Sabbath Biblical teaching ; P document (Biblical criticism)
    Abstract: Past studies of the formation of Genesis 1 have varied between a hypothesis of ‘Word’ and ‘Act’ Strata, the idea of a secondary Sabbath-oriented (Holiness) Stratum, and Arguments for literary unity. This article gathers older and new arguments to advance the hypothesis of a secondary Sabbath-oriented stratum.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,1 (2020) 42-54
    Keywords: Bible. Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Bible. Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Bible. Criticism, Redaction ; Deuteronomistic history (Biblical criticism)
    Abstract: Traditionally, the book of Chronicles had been studied in relationship to the deuteronomic-deuteronomistic traditions on which it is mainly based. However, in recent years Chronicles and Pentateuch studies have also started moving closer to one another. It is realised now that the finalisation of the Pentateuch in the post-exilic period and the formation of new literature (such as Chronicles and Ezra-Nehemiah) happened in temporal proximity to one another. It is therefore worthwhile to investigate the relationship between these late stages of literature formation of the Hebrew Bible to come to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of ideological discourses during the late Persian and early Hellenistic periods. The present contribution widens the scope further to include the prophetic literature of Ezekiel 40-48 (particularly 44) in the investigation.
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Vetus Testamentum
    Angaben zur Quelle: 70,1 (2020) 156-176
    Keywords: Bible Comparative studies ; Nefesh (The Hebrew word) ; Soul in the Bible ; Mind and body Religious aspects ; Inscriptions, Aramaic
    Abstract: Amongst Hebrew Bible scholars the question of the understanding of biblical key terms and concepts pertaining to the human condition has attracted a fair amount of interest. And amongst those key terms and concepts it is the concept of nefeš that has proved to be particularly attractive and challenging. New light is thrown on the biblical concept by the recent discovery of the Katumuwa stele in Zincirli. The present article examines the evidence and draws conclusions with regard to the history of the concept of nefeš in the Hebrew Bible and in North-West Semitic literature and religion generally.
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