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  • 1995-1999  (50)
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  • 1
    Artikel
    Artikel
    In:  Yad Vashem Studies 27 (1999) 461-472
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 461-472
    Schlagwort(e): Kulka, Otto Dov (ed.) ; Jews History 1933-1939 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Historiography
    Anmerkung: Appeared also in Hebrew. , On Otto Dov Kulka (ed.), "Deutsches Judentum unter den Nationalsozialismus, Bd. 1: Dokumente zur Geschichte der Reichsvertretung der deutschen Juden 1933-1939" (1997).
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  • 2
    Artikel
    Artikel
    In:  Yad Vashem Studies 27 (1999) 235-285
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 235-285
    Schlagwort(e): Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Rescue ; Church history 20th century ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
    Kurzfassung: Among Catholic institutions, it was mainly the convents that engaged in education and welfare that participated in rescuing Jews in Poland. Examining testimonies and memoirs by both rescuers and rescued, discusses the problems involved in the rescue of Jewish children by the convents. The Jewish public awakened to this possibility only when the genocide was under way; even then, many Jews were against placing Jewish children in these bastions of Christianity. The path to the convents for Jews was difficult; the conditions of life in them were hard. Besides, the convents in Poland were not protected against Gestapo raids. The nuns involved in rescue were in a difficult situation; they did not want to pressure the children to convert, but the convents were missionary institutions and the participation of a non-baptized Jew in Catholic rites could be a sacrilege in their eyes. Many hidden children converted; examines the complicated factors that made them do so. It is difficult to estimate the number of Jewish children rescued by the convents in Poland; most probably, more than 1,000.
    Anmerkung: Appeared also in Hebrew.
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  • 3
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 157-201
    Schlagwort(e): Jews History 1939-1945 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Rescue
    Kurzfassung: Examination of messages sent by Argentine ambassadors and other diplomatic officials from Germany and countries occupied by or allied with Germany (e.g. Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria, France) between 1933-45 shows that the Interior Ministry, and thus the government of Argentina, had extensive information about events in Europe. Some diplomats (such as Eduardo Labougle, ambassador to Germany in 1933-39), who tried to justify the Nazi measures against the Jews, used German official sources uncritically. Some others, however, deplored the Nazi measures. The full knowledge of what was going on in Europe did not cause the Argentine government to revise its "closed-door" policy toward refugees. Moreover, Argentine officials in Europe often refused to grant diplomatic protection to naturalized Jewish citizens of Argentina, condoning their deportation. Contends that sympathy for German antisemitic policies played a role in the determination of Argentina's immigration policy, for fear of the same problems arising concerning the Jews.
    Anmerkung: Appeared also in Hebrew. Spanish versions appeared in "Encuentro y alteridad" (1999) and in "Indice" 21 (2001).
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  • 4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1998
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26 (1998) 403-418
    Schlagwort(e): Blatman, Daniel, ; בלטמן, דניאל, ; Ogólny Żydowski Związek Robotniczy "Bund" w Polsce ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) ; Jews History 1945-
    Anmerkung: See also in Hebrew. , On Daniel Blatman, "Le-ma'an Herutenu ve-Heruthem; ha-Bund be-Polin, 1939-1949" (1996).
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  • 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1998
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26 (1998) 295-328
    Schlagwort(e): Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah. ; Antisemitism History 1800-2000 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Influence ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Historiography
    Kurzfassung: The controversy surrounding Daniel Goldhagen's "Hitler's Willing Executioners" began in Germany even before the German translation of the book was released in September 1996. The book provoked a negative reaction from veteran German historians, both conservative and leftist. The historians of the younger generation accepted the book with less resentment and more understanding. Objecting to Goldhagen's methodological shortcomings and generalizations, and noting his lack of innovation, they observe that his book was a challenge to German historiography, which neglected popular antisemitism as an important factor of the Holocaust and preferred social and political methods of research rather than anthropological. During his tour in Germany in 1996, Goldhagen was received sympathetically by the non-academic audience. Many writers consider that Goldhagen's book may halt the trend toward relativization of the Holocaust, especially pronounced after the "historians' debate" of 1986-87, and restore the question "Why Germany?" to the agenda.
    Anmerkung: See also in Hebrew. , On Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, "Hitler's Willing Executioners; Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust" (1996).
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  • 6
    Artikel
    Artikel
    In:  Yad Vashem Studies 26 (1998) 173-201
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1998
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26 (1998) 173-201
    Schlagwort(e): Jews ; Jews History 1933-1939 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Economic aspects
    Kurzfassung: States that Aryanization was one of the most mammoth property transfers in modern times. Although political considerations directed this policy, economic motives shaped the concrete forms that Aryanization took on. After 1933, the Nazi state created a machinery which helped it not only to compel Jews to sell their businesses but also to divert a lion's share of the proceeds into the coffers of the Reich. Taking Hamburg as an example, shows how the expropriation of Jewish property was implemented in 1938. The Aryanization and the subsequent "utilization" of Jewish properties served also to enrich party officials, many rank-and-file acquirers, and even some foreign consulary workers in Hamburg. In 1941-42, when the deportation of Jews began, the Nazi authorities managed, through distributions and auctions, to make the entire city population "beneficiaries" of the Holocaust.
    Anmerkung: See also in Hebrew. , Appeared also in "Holocaust; Critical Concepts in Historical Studies" II (2004).
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  • 7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1998
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26 (1998) 87-128
    Schlagwort(e): Aharonson, Yehoshua Moshe ben Mikha'el Eliyahu ; Konin-Czarków (concentration camp) ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Personal narratives ; Nazi concentration camps ; Jews
    Kurzfassung: Examines the diary and memoirs of Rabbi Yehoshua Moshe Aronzon (written in Yiddish) from Sanniki, Poland. The diary, which Aronzon called "The Scroll of the Konin House of Bondage", and published in Hebrew as "Alei merorim" (1996), is supplemented by two essays, all written during his internment in the Konin labor camp in 1942-43; his memoirs were compiled in 1946 in a DP camp. The texts of the diary and of the memoirs correspond fully in matters concerning day-to-day life in the camp and Nazi atrocities; the memoir adds much on the Jewish camp leaders, Jewish responses to the atrocities, Jewish faith in the camp, and some personal stories. Only the memoirs describe the attempts of resistance, suicides in the camp, and some details of the communication of information on Chełmno in Sanniki. Contends that the differences in the texts must be attributed not to the author's wish to embellish his experiences, but to the conditions of writing in the camp and also to the different conceptions of writing historical narrative during the war and after it. Contends that memoir literature should receive a loftier place than that given it thus far in the historiography of the Holocaust.
    Anmerkung: See also in Hebrew. , ‪On Yehoshua Moshe Aharonson's Yiddish diary, published in Hebrew as "עלי מרורות"‎.
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  • 8
    Artikel
    Artikel
    In:  Yad Vashem Studies 27 (1999) 429-439
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 429-439
    Schlagwort(e): Friedländer, Saul, ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Historiography
    Anmerkung: Appeared also in Hebrew. , On Saul Friedländer, "Nazi Germany and the Jews; Vol 1: The Years of Persecution, 1933-1939" (1997).
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  • 9
    Sprache: Französisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 363-407
    Schlagwort(e): Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Foreign public opinion, Eretz Israel ; Eretz Israel History 1917-1948, British Mandate period ; Eretz Israel Periodicals
    Kurzfassung: The Jewish press in Palestine reacted to the rise of political antisemitism in Germany even before 1933. It followed the Nazi accession to power in 1933 with anxiety and succeeded in conveying this sense to the reader. However, most papers ("The Palestine Post" was the only exception) focused, in their coverage and analysis of events in Germany, on their impact on Zionism and Palestine and viewed the developments through the prism of Zionist or pan-Jewish interests. The anti-Nazi boycott and the Transfer Agreement with Germany were the two burning issues in the Jewish world in 1933. While Revisionist Zionists supported the boycott, the General Zionists and the Left opposed it as harmful for the interests of the Yishuv and European Jewry. Similarly, the press considered rescuing German Jews mainly in terms of their usefulness for the Yishuv. The publications also reflect the inability of the Yishuv to offer substantive aid to German Jews.
    Anmerkung: See also in Hebrew. , In French: "Revue d'Histoire de la Shoah" 182 (2005).
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  • 10
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1999
    Titel der Quelle: Yad Vashem Studies
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27 (1999) 105-122
    Schlagwort(e): Jews History 1939-1945 ; Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) Economic aspects
    Anmerkung: Appeared also in Hebrew.
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