Language:
German
Year of publication:
2015
Titel der Quelle:
Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung
Angaben zur Quelle:
24 (2015) 63-88
Keywords:
Kellman, Jacob,
;
World War, 1914-1918 Participation, Jewish
;
World War, 1914-1918 Personal narratives
;
Antisemitism History 20th century
;
Jews Biography
Abstract:
Discusses World War I as a turning point in the history of the Jews, and the antisemitic violence which accompanied the quest for national unity in Central Europe, referring to the memoirs of Jacob Kellmann (later Kellman) published in Vienna in 2014. In countries such as the Habsburg Empire, which were built on structural heterogeneity, the Jews were the first to suffer the consequences of the rising nationalism. The antisemitism changed the Jewish self-image and increased pressure on Jewish communities to introduce greater democracy into their society and include the increasingly popular Zionist narrative. Although antisemitism existed in Central Europe prior to 1914, it was not a determining factor when it came to state-building. After World War I, however, antisemitism played a central role in the debates concerning the composition of a nation-state. Following the failed communist republics in Hungary and Bavaria, and the Russian Revolution, the stereotype of the "Bolshevist Jew" was added to the antisemitic repertoire. Concludes that, prior to the war, the Jews had hoped that their participation as soldiers would put an end to antisemitism; after 1918, they were faced with the fact that antisemitism was at the center of all deliberations regarding the future.
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