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  • 1
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2021
    Titel der Quelle: Currents in Biblical Research
    Angaben zur Quelle: 19,2 (2021) 178-204
    Keywords: Christianity and other religions Judaism Early church, ca. 30-600 ; History ; Christianity Historiography ; Methodology
    Abstract: Since the early 1990s, ‘the parting of the ways’ has become academic shorthand, especially in anglophone scholarship, for the separation of Jews and Christians in antiquity. Often it is associated with a onetime, global break that occurred by the end of the second century, particularly over one or more theological issues. This model has been challenged as being too tidy. Other images have been offered, most notably that of ‘rival siblings’, but the ‘parting’ model remains supreme. Consensus has shifted in other ways, however. The ‘parting’, or better, ‘partings’, is now understood to be a localized, protracted, and multifaceted process that likely began in the second century and continued into or past the fourth century. It is also suggested here that the current debate covers five distinguishable topics: (1) mutual religious recognition, (2) the continued existence of ‘Jewish Christians’, (3) religious interaction, (4) social concourse, and (5) outsider classification.
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    In:  Bible Translator 71,3 (2020) 357-367
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Bible Translator
    Angaben zur Quelle: 71,3 (2020) 357-367
    Keywords: New Testament. Language, style ; New Testament. Relation to Genesis
    Abstract: The style of James’s epistle receives much acclaim. Among other techniques like alliteration and rhythm, James enjoys a play on words. I propose that James puns on the concept of “filling” with three words in Jas 2.20-23: κενέ (“empty,” v. 20), ἐτελειώϑη (“be complete,” v. 22), and ἐπληρώϑη (“be fulfilled,” v. 23), to the effect that an “empty” person is told to learn from the “filled out” faith of Abraham whose willingness to sacrifice Isaac “fulfilled” the earlier pronouncement about his righteousness. This suggestion builds on discussions concerning the relationship between vv. 20, 22, and vv. 22-23. It also draws out often neglected connotations of τελειόω. This wordplay fits into a wider “completion” theme in James and may even have been picked up by the Shepherd of Hermas and the Didache.
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    In:  Journal for the Study of the New Testament 43,2 (2020) 226-247
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2020
    Titel der Quelle: Journal for the Study of the New Testament
    Angaben zur Quelle: 43,2 (2020) 226-247
    Keywords: New Testament. Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Slavonic book of Enoch Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Post-biblical literature Relation to the New Testament
    Abstract: The letter of James remains an enigma in many ways, including its immediate reception. Another enigmatic work, 2 Enoch, though vastly different in temperament and form, contains numerous ethical parallels with the epistle. Most prominent among the ten detailed here are the use of the imago Dei to prohibit slander, an absolute ban on taking oaths and a warning to wealthy landowners not to exploit day laborers. Utilizing criteria developed by Luke Timothy Johnson, a strong case can be made that 2 Enoch is to be numbered among the earliest readers of James. If so, there are implications for the date, geography and social context of both works. This proposal also sheds light on the relationship between the oath-formulas in Jas 5.12 and Mt. 5.33-37.
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    In:  Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha 24,3 (2015) 213-233
    Language: English
    Year of publication: 2015
    Titel der Quelle: Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha
    Angaben zur Quelle: 24,3 (2015) 213-233
    Keywords: Oracula Sibyllina Criticism, interpretation, etc. ; Identification (Religion) ; Judaism History Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D. ; Hellenism
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