Language:
Hebrew
Year of publication:
1998
Titel der Quelle:
יהדות בבל; כתב-עת לחקר תולדות יהודי בבל ותרבותם
Angaben zur Quelle:
2 (תשנח) 95-109
Keywords:
Antisemitism
;
Israel Aliyah
;
Iraq Emigration and immigration
Abstract:
The mass Jewish emigration from Iraq in 1950-51, during which more than 120,000 Jews left the country, was not a direct result of official Iraqi policy. There were several factors which had contributed to Jewish fears already in the 1930s: the fact that the Iraqi government dealt harshly with other minority groups after 1932, the rise of a pan-Arab movement, the proliferation of Nazi propaganda, the dismissal of many Jewish government employees in 1934 and 1936, and the Arab riots in Palestine in 1936-39. After the pogrom of June 1941 in Baghdad, the situation of the Jews improved temporarily. In the late 1940s, due to an economic decline, the Jews were forced to contribute funds to the government and forbidden to leave the country. In 1949, Zionist activity (which was opposed by the older generation of Jews) was declared a crime, and many activists were arrested and tortured. With the fall of the military regime in December 1949, thousands of Jews began to escape. The Iraqi government then legalized their emigration, thinking that only the activists would leave. Although they had to give up their Iraqi citizenship, the entire Jewish community left the country.
URL:
אתר את הפרסום בקטלוג המאוחד של ספריות ישראל
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