Language:
Hebrew
Year of publication:
2021
Titel der Quelle:
מורשת ישראל; כתב-עת ליהדות לציונות ולארץ ישראל
Angaben zur Quelle:
19,2 (תשפא) 321-348
Keywords:
Teitelbaum, Joel
;
Ehrenreich, Solomon Zalman,
;
Brach, Saul,
;
Shapira, Chaim Elazar ben Zvi Hirsh,
;
Ultra-Orthodox Jews
;
Rabbis Attitudes
;
Anti-Zionism, Jewish
Abstract:
Following the end of World War I, in which Palestine was conquered by the British, putting an end to four hundred years of Ottoman rule, and following the Balfour Declaration, which promised to establish a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine, the Zionist movement, including the religious-Zionist Mizrahi movement, gained substantial momentum. Agudat Israel, which was established in 1912 but began its actual activity only after the war, also launched a series of innovative initiatives: it introduced daily classes in general studies in its flagship yeshiva; pioneered the Daf HaYomi program, the daily study of a page of Talmud, an unprecedented method of learning; established the Beit Yaakov school network for ultra-Orthodox girls; founded its own newspapers; created youth and workers’ movements; and promoted ultra-Orthodox settlement in Palestine. These trends provoked opposition from various rabbis, some of whom opposed modernity and secular Zionism, while the stricter ones strongly opposed religious Zionism as well. Most non-Zionist rabbis, although they did not always endorse all the measures taken by Agudat Israel, accepted its authority.The fiercest opposition to the processes taking place in modern, secular Zionist society and among the religious Zionists was led by the Hungarian rabbis. They even claimed that the new measures led by Agudat Israel – the ultra-Orthodox consensus movement – were too far-reaching and contradicted the tradition and the halakha. The four most prominent of these rabbis were Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Ehrnreich of Shimloy, Rabbi Shaul Brach of Kosice, Rabbi Chaim Elazar Shapira (the Munkatch Rebbe), and Rabbi Yoel Teitelbaum (the Satmar Rebbe). Although it seemed that the common threats from outside, namely secularism, socialism, modernity, Zionism, and Agudat Israel, would cause the four rabbis to join forces, the ideological and political rivalries and disagreements between them thwarted such cooperation. Each of them developed his own principles and strategies, and when he felt that any of the other rabbis acted in a different manner, that rabbi too became a target for his attacks.
Note:
With an English abstract.
URL:
אתר את הפרסום בקטלוג המאוחד של ספריות ישראל
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