Language:
English
Year of publication:
1990
Titel der Quelle:
Menorah; Australian Journal of Jewish Studies
Angaben zur Quelle:
4,1-2 (1990) 104-119
Keywords:
Antisemitism History 20th century
;
Fascism
;
National socialism Philosophy
;
Jews History 1918-1945
;
Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)
Abstract:
Analyzes the rise of fascism in Hungary between 1919-45 in three stages: the anti-communist counter-revolution (the "White Terror"), 1919-23; the ultra-conservative government of Horthy, 1924-44, accompanied by antisemitic legislation; and the Nazi period, 1944-45. The Horthy era was characterized by numerous fascist organizations - policies, leaders, and diverse theories competing with each other - in contrast to the uniformity of German Nazism. Describes the contribution of Premier Gyula Gömbös (1932-36) to the rise of fascist influence, the army's swing to the radical right, and the role of Szálasi and the Arrow Cross Party. The source of all of Hungary's problems was attributed to two "alien" forces: the Entente powers and Hungarian Jews. Discusses, also, the significance of the "Christian national principle" in the ideological platform of the 1930s (in contrast to the "heathen" secularism of Nazism), and the support of Hungarian Christian circles for antisemitic nationalist policies.
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